Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;66(2):175-80. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.08.013. Epub 2009 Sep 25.
Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis was for many years the only species commonly identified in French Guiana, but precise species identifications were quite rare. We describe a new restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction technique using a 615-bp fragment of the RNA polymerase II gene and 2 restriction enzymes, TspRI and HgaI. Seven reference strains (Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, Leishmania (Viannia) lainsoni, Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi, Leishmania (Leishmania) major, Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum) and 112 clinical samples from positive lesions were used for the development of the technique. The rates of positive species identification were 85.7% for punch skin biopsy specimens, 93.1% for positive Giemsa-stained smears, and 100% for positive culture supernatants. In the framework of cutaneous leishmaniasis species surveillance for the 2006 to 2008 period, parasite identification was carried out for 199 samples from different patients. The prevalence of the various Leishmania spp. was 84.4% for L. (V.) guyanensis, 8.0% for L. (V.) braziliensis, 5.0% for L. (L.) amazonensis, and 2.6% for L. (V.) lainsoni. L. (V.) braziliensis seems to be locally an emerging pathogen.
多年来，圭亚那（Viannia）利什曼原虫一直是法属圭亚那常见的唯一鉴定物种，但精确的物种鉴定却相当罕见。我们描述了一种新的限制片段长度多态性-聚合酶链反应技术，使用 RNA 聚合酶 II 基因的 615bp 片段和 2 种限制酶，TspRI 和 HgaI。七种参考株（利什曼原虫（Leishmania）亚马逊ensis、利什曼原虫（Viannia）lainsoni、利什曼原虫（Viannia）braziliensis、L.（V.）guyanensis、利什曼原虫（Viannia）naiffi、利什曼原虫（Leishmania）major、利什曼原虫（Leishmania）infantum）和 112 份来自阳性病变的临床样本用于该技术的开发。皮肤活检标本的阳性物种鉴定率为 85.7%，吉姆萨染色涂片的阳性率为 93.1%，阳性培养上清液的阳性率为 100%。在 2006 年至 2008 年期间进行的皮肤利什曼病物种监测框架内，对来自不同患者的 199 个样本进行了寄生虫鉴定。各种利什曼原虫的流行率分别为：L.（V.）guyanensis 为 84.4%，L.（V.）braziliensis 为 8.0%，L.（L.）amazonensis 为 5.0%，L.（V.）lainsoni 为 2.6%。L.（V.）braziliensis 在当地似乎是一种新出现的病原体。
