Gemelli Molise SpA, Campobasso, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.
Biofabrication. 2021 Apr 7;13(3). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/abdacf.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become a key tool in the biotechnological landscape due to their well-documented ability to mediate intercellular communication. This feature has been explored and is under constant investigation by researchers, who have demonstrated the important role of EVs in several research fields ranging from oncology to immunology and diagnostics to regenerative medicine. Unfortunately, there are still some limitations to overcome before clinical application, including the inability to confine the EVs to strategically defined sites of interest to avoid side effects. In this study, for the first time, EV application is supported by 3D bioprinting technology to develop a new strategy for applying the angiogenic cargo of human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived EVs in regenerative medicine. EVs, derived from human endothelial cells and grown under different stressed conditions, were collected and used as bioadditives for the formulation of advanced bioinks. Aftersubcutaneous implantation, we demonstrated that the bioprinted 3D structures, loaded with EVs, supported the formation of a new functional vasculature, consisting of blood-perfused microvessels recapitulating the printed pattern. The results obtained in this study favour the development of new therapeutic approaches for critical clinical conditions, such as the need for prompt revascularization of ischaemic tissues, which represent the fundamental substrate for advanced regenerative medicine applications.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 由于其介导细胞间通讯的能力已得到充分证实,因此成为生物技术领域的重要工具。这一特性已经被研究人员所探索和不断研究,他们已经证明了 EVs 在多个研究领域的重要作用,包括肿瘤学、免疫学、诊断学和再生医学。不幸的是,在临床应用之前,仍然存在一些需要克服的限制,包括无法将 EVs 局限于感兴趣的战略定义部位,以避免副作用。在这项研究中,EV 的应用首次得到了 3D 生物打印技术的支持,为在再生医学中应用人脐静脉内皮细胞衍生 EV 的血管生成货物开发了一种新策略。从人内皮细胞中收集并在不同应激条件下生长的 EVs 被收集并用作先进生物墨水配方的生物添加剂。皮下植入后,我们证明了负载 EV 的生物打印 3D 结构支持形成新的功能性血管,由灌注血液的微血管组成,再现了打印的图案。本研究的结果有利于开发新的治疗方法,用于治疗缺血组织等关键临床条件,这是先进再生医学应用的基本基础。