Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Cell Rep. 2021 Jan 12;34(2):108607. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108607.
Animal nervous systems remodel following stress. Although global stress-dependent changes are well documented, contributions of individual neuron remodeling events to animal behavior modification are challenging to study. In response to environmental insults, C. elegans become stress-resistant dauers. Dauer entry induces amphid sensory organ remodeling in which bilateral AMsh glial cells expand and fuse, allowing embedded AWC chemosensory neurons to extend sensory receptive endings. We show that amphid remodeling correlates with accelerated dauer exit upon exposure to favorable conditions and identify a G protein-coupled receptor, REMO-1, driving AMsh glia fusion, AWC neuron remodeling, and dauer exit. REMO-1 is expressed in and localizes to AMsh glia tips, is dispensable for other remodeling events, and promotes stress-induced expression of the remodeling receptor tyrosine kinase VER-1. Our results demonstrate how single-neuron structural changes affect animal behavior, identify key glial roles in stress-induced nervous system plasticity, and demonstrate that remodeling primes animals to respond to favorable conditions.
动物神经系统在应激后会进行重塑。虽然已有大量关于全局应激依赖性变化的文献记载，但个体神经元重塑事件对动物行为改变的贡献仍难以研究。在应对环境损伤时，秀丽隐杆线虫会变成有抵抗能力的 dauer 幼虫。 dauer 幼虫的进入会诱导触角感觉器官重塑，其中双侧 AMsh 神经胶质细胞扩张并融合，使嵌入的 AWC 化学感觉神经元延伸感觉接受末梢。我们发现，当暴露在有利条件下时，触角重塑与 dauer 幼虫更快地退出相关，并确定了一种 G 蛋白偶联受体 REMO-1，它驱动 AMsh 神经胶质细胞融合、AWC 神经元重塑和 dauer 幼虫退出。REMO-1 在 AMsh 神经胶质细胞的尖端表达和定位，对其他重塑事件是可有可无的，并且促进了应激诱导的重塑受体酪氨酸激酶 VER-1 的表达。我们的研究结果表明，单个神经元的结构变化如何影响动物行为，确定了应激诱导的神经系统可塑性中关键的神经胶质作用，并证明了重塑使动物能够对有利条件做出反应。
