个体在运动期间和运动后的情感幸福感的变化：人与运动的适配度重要吗？
Within-Person Variation of Affective Well-Being during and after Exercise: Does the Person-Exercise Fit Matter?
机构信息
Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 11;18(2):549. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020549.
Affective well-being is positively linked to regular exercise. Therefore, it is important to identify the factors that influence intra-individual variability of affective well-being. This study investigated (1) whether affective responses vary within an individual and (2) how affective responses are associated with a motive-incentive fit and a skill-task fit. A total of 107 adults (66% females, = 41.79 years old, 58% doing no exercise) took part in three exercise sessions in a random order. Each session lasted 30 min with a break of 10 min between. The sessions were similarly structured but covered diverse activity incentives (e.g., figure vs. social contact vs. aesthetic movements). Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a very high within-person variation of affective valence and enjoyment across the exercise sessions. The results of multi-level regression analyses revealed that associations between perceived competence, considered to be an indicator of the skill-task fit, and affective well-being were moderate to high, whereas those between motive-incentive fit and affective well-being were low to moderate.
积极的情感幸福感与定期锻炼呈正相关。因此，确定影响个体内部情感幸福感变异性的因素非常重要。本研究调查了（1）个体内部的情感反应是否存在差异，以及（2）情感反应如何与动机激励契合度和技能任务契合度相关。共有 107 名成年人（66%为女性， = 41.79 岁，58%不运动）以随机顺序参加了三次运动。每次会议持续 30 分钟，中间休息 10 分钟。会议结构相似，但涵盖了不同的活动激励因素（例如，图形与社交接触与美学运动）。组内相关系数显示，在整个运动过程中，情感效价和享受的个体内变化非常大。多层次回归分析的结果表明，感知能力与情感幸福感之间的关联被认为是技能任务契合度的指标，介于中度到高度之间，而动机激励契合度与情感幸福感之间的关联则处于低到中度之间。
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