Mohammadizad Taher, Taherpour Kamran, Ghasemi Hossein Ali, Shirzadi Hassan, Tavakolinasab Fatemeh, Nazaran Mohammad Hassan
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Department of Animal Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 2;19(10):e0311083. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311083. eCollection 2024.
Organic sources of trace minerals (TM) in broiler diets are more bioavailable and stable than inorganic sources, making them particularly beneficial during challenging periods such as heat stress (HS) conditions. A 42-d study investigated the effects of using advanced chelate technology-based TM (ACTM) or adding varying amounts of ACTM to broiler diets during HS conditions. The study involved 672 male broiler chickens in 7 treatment groups, including a thermoneutral control (TNC) group and six HS treatments. There were 8 replicate pens per treatment and 12 birds per replicate. The six HS treatments included birds exposed to a cyclic HS environment (34°C) for 8 h and were as follows: HSC, which consisted of the same basal diet with the recommended ITM levels; ACTM50 and ACTM100, which replaced the basal diet with 50% and 100% ACTM instead of ITM; ITM+ACTM12.5 and ITM+ACTM25, which involved adding extra ACTM to the ITM basal diet at 12.5% and 25%, respectively; and ITM125, which used 125% of the recommended levels of ITM in the basal diet. Compared with the HSC treatment, the TNC, ACTM100, and ITM+ACTM25 treatments resulted in increased (P < 0.05) body weight; tibia weight; tibia ash, phosphorus, iron, and manganese contents; secondary antibody titers; and serum TAC and SOD values but decreased (P < 0.05) serum MDA concentrations and the expression levels of the hepatic genes IL-1β, IL-6, and INF-γ. The TNC and ACTM100 groups also showed greater (P < 0.05) feed efficiency, tibia length, tibia zinc content, and hepatic SOD1 expression but exhibited reduced (P < 0.05) hepatic NF-kB expression. Significant increases (P < 0.05) in primary anti-NDV titers, serum GPx1 activity, and Nrf2 and GPx1 gene expression levels were also detected in the ACTM100, ITM+ACTM12.5, and ITM+ACTM25 groups. In conclusion, the findings suggest that replacing ITM with ACTM or adding ACTM to ITM diets, especially at a 25% higher dose, can effectively protect broilers from heat stress by promoting growth, reducing inflammation, and increasing the expression of antioxidant proteins.
肉鸡日粮中有机来源的微量元素（TM）比无机来源的更具生物利用率和稳定性，这使得它们在诸如热应激（HS）等具有挑战性的时期特别有益。一项为期42天的研究调查了在热应激条件下使用基于先进螯合技术的微量元素（ACTM）或在肉鸡日粮中添加不同量ACTM的效果。该研究涉及672只雄性肉鸡，分为7个处理组，包括一个热中性对照组（TNC）和六个热应激处理组。每个处理有8个重复栏，每个重复栏有12只鸡。六个热应激处理组包括暴露于循环热应激环境（34°C）8小时的鸡，具体如下：HSC组，由含有推荐无机微量元素（ITM）水平的相同基础日粮组成；ACTM50组和ACTM100组，分别用50%和100%的ACTM替代基础日粮中的ITM；ITM+ACTM12.5组和ITM+ACTM25组，分别在ITM基础日粮中额外添加12.5%和25%的ACTM；ITM125组，在基础日粮中使用推荐ITM水平的125%。与HSC处理组相比，TNC组、ACTM100组和ITM+ACTM25组的体重、胫骨重量、胫骨灰分、磷、铁和锰含量、二次抗体滴度以及血清总抗氧化能力（TAC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）值均有所增加（P<0.05），但血清丙二醛（MDA）浓度以及肝脏基因白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和干扰素-γ（INF-γ）的表达水平降低（P<0.05）。TNC组和ACTM100组还表现出更高（P<0.05）的饲料效率、胫骨长度、胫骨锌含量和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶1（SOD1）表达，但肝脏核因子κB（NF-κB）表达降低（P<0.05）。在ACTM100组、ITM+ACTM12.5组和ITM+ACTM25组中还检测到一次抗新城疫病毒（NDV）滴度、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1（GPx1）活性以及核因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2）和GPx1基因表达水平显著增加（P<0.05）。总之，研究结果表明，用ACTM替代ITM或在ITM日粮中添加ACTM，尤其是在高25%的剂量下，可以通过促进生长、减轻炎症和增加抗氧化蛋白的表达，有效保护肉鸡免受热应激。
