Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, 410009, China.
College of Pharmacy, Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
Vet Res Commun. 2023 Dec;47(4):2017-2025. doi: 10.1007/s11259-023-10162-6. Epub 2023 Jul 4.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing of dietary inorganic iron with iron-rich Lactobacillus plantarum and iron-rich Candida utilis on the growth performance, serum parameters, immune function and iron metabolism of weaned piglets. Fifty-four 28-day-old healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire castrated male weanling piglets of similar body weight were randomly and equally divided into three groups. The piglets were kept in three pens per group, with six pigs in each pen. The dietary treatments were (1) a basal diet + ferrous sulfate preparation containing 120 mg/kg iron (CON); (2) a basal diet + iron-rich Candida utilis preparation containing 120 mg/kg iron (CUI); and (3) a basal diet + iron-rich Lactobacillus plantarum preparation containing 120 mg/kg iron (LPI). The entire feeding trial lasted for 28 days, after which blood, viscera, and intestinal mucosa were collected. The results showed no significant difference in growth parameters and organ indices of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney of weaned piglets when treated with CUI and LPI compared with the CON group (P > 0.05). However, CUI and LPI significantly reduced the serum contents of AST, ALP, and LDH (P < 0.05). Serum ALT content was significantly lower in the LPI treatment compared to the CON group (P < 0.05). Compared to CON, CUI significantly increased the contents of serum IgG and IL-4 (P < 0.05), and CUI significantly decreased the content of IL-2. LPI significantly increased the contents of serum IgA, IgG, IgM and IL-4 (P < 0.05), while LPI significant decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α compared to CON (P < 0.05). CUI led to a significant increase in ceruloplasmin activity and TIBC (P < 0.05). LPI significantly increased the contents of serum Fe and ferritin, and increased the serum ceruloplasmin activity and TIBC compared to CON (P < 0.05). Furthermore, CUI resulted in a significant increase in the relative mRNA expression of FPN1 and DMT1 in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). LPI significantly increased the relative mRNA expression of TF, FPN1, and DMT1 in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). Based on these results, the replacement of dietary inorganic iron with an iron-rich microbial supplement could improve immune function, iron absorption and storage in piglets.
本研究旨在探讨用富含铁的植物乳杆菌和富铁假丝酵母替代饲粮中的无机铁对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清指标、免疫功能和铁代谢的影响。选择 54 头 28 日龄、体重相近的健康杜洛克×长白×大约克三元杂交去势公仔猪，随机等分为 3 组，每组 6 个重复，每个重复 1 头猪。试验采用 3 种饲粮处理，分别为（1）基础饲粮+硫酸亚铁预混料（含铁 120mg/kg）（CON）；（2）基础饲粮+富铁假丝酵母预混料（含铁 120mg/kg）（CUI）；（3）基础饲粮+富铁植物乳杆菌预混料（含铁 120mg/kg）（LPI）。试验期 28d。试验结束时，每组随机选取 3 头仔猪进行采血、屠宰，采集脏器和肠道黏膜组织。结果表明：与 CON 组相比，CUI 和 LPI 处理组仔猪的生长性能和心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏等脏器指数均无显著差异（P>0.05）。但 CUI 和 LPI 显著降低了血清 AST、ALP 和 LDH 含量（P<0.05）。与 CON 组相比，LPI 组仔猪血清 ALT 含量显著降低（P<0.05）。与 CON 组相比，CUI 显著增加了血清 IgG 和 IL-4 含量（P<0.05），且 CUI 显著降低了 IL-2 含量。LPI 显著增加了血清 IgA、IgG、IgM 和 IL-4 含量（P<0.05），同时 LPI 显著降低了血清 IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8 和 TNF-α含量（P<0.05）。CUI 显著提高了血清铜蓝蛋白活性和总铁结合力（TIBC）（P<0.05）。与 CON 组相比，LPI 显著增加了血清 Fe 和铁蛋白含量，同时提高了血清铜蓝蛋白活性和 TIBC（P<0.05）。此外，CUI 显著增加了空肠黏膜 FPN1 和 DMT1 的相对 mRNA 表达（P<0.05）。LPI 显著增加了空肠黏膜 TF、FPN1 和 DMT1 的相对 mRNA 表达（P<0.05）。综上所述，用富含铁的微生物制剂替代饲粮中的无机铁可以提高仔猪的免疫功能、铁吸收和铁储存。
