Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44 (Building 20), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Jul;94(5):855-866. doi: 10.1007/s00420-020-01632-4. Epub 2021 Jan 13.
To validate the differential stress inventory (DSI) by evaluating the objective and subjective stress differences in the five DSI types in the occupational setting.
A total of 119 German participants working as medical assistants (n = 40) or in a bank (n = 79) were recruited. They completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, the DSI, and wore ECG measuring devices for 24 h to measure heart rate variability. The DSI was used to group people into one of five types according to how they perceived and coped with stress: normal, overstressed, stress-resistant, low stress/high coping, or high stress/high coping.
The overstressed type had significantly more burnout symptoms than the other types. The high stress/high coping type also had more symptoms of emotional exhaustion and total burnout compared to the other types, while the low stress/high coping and the stress-resistant types generally had the lowest levels of burnout. There were no differences on the HRV parameters among the DSI types.
Categorising people into types like in the DSI can help make workers aware of unhealthy stress and coping patterns before they turn into more severe pathology. Proper application and targeted preventive measures can save the individual's health and the company's budget. While the DSI picked up on differences in burnout symptoms as a long-term consequence of stress, there is evidence that it cannot pick up on short-term stress or physical stress as measured by HRV from the 24 h recording.
通过评估职业环境中五种 DSI 类型的客观和主观压力差异，验证差异压力量表（DSI）的有效性。
共招募了 119 名德国医疗助理（n=40）或银行工作人员（n=79）作为参与者。他们完成了职业倦怠量表-一般调查、DSI，并佩戴了 24 小时的心电图测量设备以测量心率变异性。DSI 根据人们感知和应对压力的方式将他们分为五种类型之一：正常、压力过大、抗压、低压力/高应对或高压力/高应对。
压力过大的类型比其他类型有更多的倦怠症状。与其他类型相比，高压力/高应对的类型也有更多的情绪衰竭和总倦怠症状，而低压力/高应对和抗压的类型通常倦怠症状最低。DSI 类型之间的 HRV 参数没有差异。
将人们分为 DSI 这样的类型可以帮助工人们在出现更严重的病理问题之前，注意到不健康的压力和应对模式。正确的应用和有针对性的预防措施可以挽救个人的健康和公司的预算。虽然 DSI 发现了压力作为长期后果的倦怠症状的差异，但有证据表明，它无法从 24 小时的记录中发现短期压力或 HRV 测量的身体压力。
