The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
Cells. 2021 Jan 12;10(1):136. doi: 10.3390/cells10010136.
Neurons, regarded as post-mitotic cells, are characterized by their extensive dendritic and axonal arborization. This unique architecture imposes challenges to how to supply materials required at distal neuronal components. Kinesins are molecular motor proteins that mediate the active delivery of cellular materials along the microtubule cytoskeleton for facilitating the local biochemical and structural changes at the synapse. Recent studies have made intriguing observations that some kinesins that function during neuronal mitosis also have a critical role in post-mitotic neurons. However, we know very little about the function and regulation of such kinesins. Here, we summarize the known cellular and biochemical functions of mitotic kinesins in post-mitotic neurons.
神经元被视为有丝分裂后细胞，其特征在于其广泛的树突和轴突分支。这种独特的结构给如何为远端神经元成分提供所需的物质带来了挑战。驱动蛋白是介导细胞物质沿着微管细胞骨架进行主动运输的分子马达蛋白，有助于在突触处实现局部生化和结构变化。最近的研究有了有趣的发现，一些在神经元有丝分裂期间发挥作用的驱动蛋白在有丝分裂后神经元中也具有关键作用。然而，我们对这些驱动蛋白的功能和调节知之甚少。在这里，我们总结了有丝分裂驱动蛋白在有丝分裂后神经元中的已知细胞和生化功能。
