Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 14;11(1):1347. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79971-y.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common micronutrient deficiency among pregnant women with severe consequences including impaired immuno-inflammatory system, premature birth, fetal death etc. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of three iron supplements on IDA female rats and their offspring. The IDA female rat model was established with low iron diet and the rats were then mated. After pregnancy, rats were fed diets containing different iron supplements (iron polysaccharide complex, iron protein succinylate and ferrous sulfate) until their offspring were 42 days old. Pregnancy outcomes, haematological, iron metabolism, physical and neurological development indexes were determined. The results showed that all three iron supplements improved the levels of hematological parameters of both mother and offspring rats. After iron supplementation, serum iron, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin levels were increased compared with the IDA group. The level of ferritin light chain in the liver and spleen of both mother and offspring rats in iron supplemented groups was significantly higher than that of the IDA group. The average number of born alive per litter in the iron treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the IDA group. Iron supplements also improved the physical growth and neurobehavioral development of offspring rats. It was also found that iron supplementation improved the expression of ferritin light chain and the synaptic growth associated proteins in the brain and hippocampus. No significant difference was found in the efficacy of three iron supplements. These results suggest that pregnant and postpartum IDA affects pregnancy outcomes, offspring physical development and causes neural impairment. Sufficient iron supplementation can significantly improve IDA and its adverse effects on both mother and offspring.
缺铁性贫血（IDA）是孕妇中常见的微量营养素缺乏症，严重后果包括免疫炎症系统受损、早产、胎儿死亡等。本研究旨在探讨三种铁补充剂对缺铁性贫血雌性大鼠及其后代的影响。采用低铁饮食建立缺铁性贫血雌性大鼠模型，然后交配。妊娠后，大鼠给予含有不同铁补充剂（多糖铁复合物、富马酸亚铁蛋白）的饮食，直至其后代 42 日龄。测定妊娠结局、血液学、铁代谢、体格和神经发育指标。结果表明，三种铁补充剂均改善了母鼠及其后代大鼠的血液学参数水平。补铁后，血清铁、转铁蛋白饱和度和血清铁蛋白水平较 IDA 组升高。铁补充组母鼠和仔鼠肝、脾中铁蛋白轻链水平均明显高于 IDA 组。铁处理组每窝活产仔数明显高于 IDA 组。铁补充还改善了仔鼠的体格生长和神经行为发育。还发现铁补充改善了大脑和海马中铁蛋白轻链和突触生长相关蛋白的表达。三种铁补充剂的疗效无显著差异。这些结果表明，妊娠和产后 IDA 影响妊娠结局、后代体格发育并导致神经损伤。充足的铁补充可显著改善 IDA 及其对母鼠和仔鼠的不良影响。
