Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Kangfu Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 14;11(1):1293. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80534-4.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer among males and the survival period of PCa has been significantly extended. However, the probability of suffering from second primary malignancies (SPMs) has also increased. Therefore, we downloaded SPM samples from the SEER database and then retrospectively analyzed the general characteristics of 34,891 PCa patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2016. After excluding cases with unknown clinical information, 2203 patients were used to construct and validate the overall survival (OS) nomogram of SPM patients after PCa. We found that approximately 3.69% of PCa patients were subsequently diagnosed with SPMs. In addition, the three most prevalent sites of SPM were respiratory and intrathoracic organs, skin, and hematopoietic system. The top three histological types of SPMs were squamous cell carcinoma, adenoma and adenocarcinoma, nevi and melanoma. Through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, we found that the site of SPM, age, TNM stage, SPM surgery history, and PCa stage were associated with the OS of SPM. By virtue of these factors, we constructed a nomogram to predict the OS of SPM. The C-index in the training set and validation set were 0.824 (95CI, 0.806-0.842) and 0.862 (95CI, 0.840-0.884), respectively. Furthermore, we plotted the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the area under curve (AUC) which showed that our model performed well in assessing the 3-year (0.861 and 0.887) and 5-year (0.837 and 0.842) OS of SPMs in the training and validation set. In summary, we investigated the general characteristics of SPMs and constructed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of SPM following PCa.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性中最常见的癌症，PCa 的生存周期已经显著延长。然而，发生第二原发恶性肿瘤（SPM）的概率也有所增加。因此，我们从 SEER 数据库中下载了 SPM 样本，并回顾性分析了 2000 年至 2016 年间诊断的 34891 例 PCa 患者的一般特征。排除临床信息未知的病例后，我们使用 2203 例患者构建和验证了 PCa 后 SPM 患者总生存（OS）列线图。我们发现，约 3.69%的 PCa 患者随后被诊断为 SPM。此外，SPM 最常见的三个部位是呼吸和胸内器官、皮肤和造血系统。SPM 的前三种组织学类型是鳞状细胞癌、腺瘤和腺癌、痣和黑色素瘤。通过单因素和多因素 Cox 回归分析，我们发现 SPM 部位、年龄、TNM 分期、SPM 手术史和 PCa 分期与 SPM 的 OS 相关。基于这些因素，我们构建了一个列线图来预测 SPM 的 OS。在训练集和验证集中，C 指数分别为 0.824（95%CI：0.806-0.842）和 0.862（95%CI：0.840-0.884）。此外，我们绘制了接收者操作特征曲线（ROC）和曲线下面积（AUC），结果表明，我们的模型在评估训练集和验证集中 SPM 的 3 年（0.861 和 0.887）和 5 年（0.837 和 0.842）OS 方面表现良好。总之，我们研究了 SPM 的一般特征，并构建了一个列线图来预测 PCa 后 SPM 的预后。
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