Zhang Yao, Wu Xudong, Guan ChengHe, Zhang Bo
School of Management, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 10;768:144523. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144523. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
With the expansion of economic globalization and the growth of international trade, the pulling effect of household consumption to global anthropogenic CH emissions related to production activities is becoming increasingly evident. This paper adopts a new perspective from the household-consumption side to investigate the CH emissions of major economies in 2014 and compares it with the scenario under the final-demand-based perspective by combing the world input-output database and the latest emission data from the UNFCCC and EDGAR v5.0 database. Budgets of CH emissions for 43 economies are established and trade connections & balances among major economies are explored. Results show that consumption-driven economies are allocated more CH emissions in the household-consumption-based accounting (HCBA) framework compared to the final-demand-based accounting (FDBA) framework. The total trade-related transfer of CH emissions is shown to sum up to 19% and 27% of the global total under the HCBA and FDBA frameworks, respectively. The household-consumption-based CH emissions of China, India, Indonesia and Mexico are much lower than their final-demand-based CH emissions, while the converse is true for the United States, Russia, Japan, the United Kingdom and Germany. The new accounting framework provides a new view to understand trade-related CH emissions of major economies and to identify the role of household consumption in global supply chains, offering important implications for greenhouse gas emission mitigation.
随着经济全球化的扩展和国际贸易的增长，家庭消费对与生产活动相关的全球人为CH排放的拉动作用日益明显。本文从家庭消费端采用新视角研究2014年主要经济体的CH排放，并通过结合世界投入产出数据库以及联合国气候变化框架公约（UNFCCC）和EDGAR v5.0数据库的最新排放数据，与基于最终需求视角下的情景进行比较。建立了43个经济体的CH排放预算，并探讨了主要经济体之间的贸易联系与平衡。结果表明，与基于最终需求核算（FDBA）框架相比，在基于家庭消费核算（HCBA）框架下，消费驱动型经济体被分配了更多的CH排放。CH排放的贸易相关转移总量在HCBA和FDBA框架下分别占全球总量的19%和27%。中国、印度、印度尼西亚和墨西哥基于家庭消费的CH排放远低于基于最终需求的CH排放，而美国、俄罗斯、日本、英国和德国则相反。新的核算框架为理解主要经济体与贸易相关的CH排放以及确定家庭消费在全球供应链中的作用提供了新视角，对温室气体减排具有重要意义。
