Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China.
Research Institute of Effective-Breeding and Eco-Feeding of Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
Equine Vet J. 2022 Jan;54(1):114-120. doi: 10.1111/evj.13425. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
In contrast to horses, the only evidence suggesting gastrointestinal disease in neonatal donkeys is associated with Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) is the detection of viral antigens by ELISA in just 1 of 82 symptomatic donkey foals. No additional, more comprehensive investigations have been conducted, and RVAs if circulating in donkey populations have not been molecularly characterised.
To investigate if RVAs are associated with an outbreak of severe enteritis in neonatal donkeys and if associated determine the genotype(s) along with the phylogenetic relationship to RVA strains circulating in horses.
Cross-sectional.
RT-PCR-based techniques were used for RVA diagnosis and gene amplification. Statistical significance was determined by Chi-square and Fisher's exact two-sided tests. Genotyping was performed by RotaC and phylogenetic analysis by neighbour joining.
In 2019, acute enteritis occurred in 119 of 206 donkey foals (≤4 months) at two intensive donkey farms in the Shandong province of China. The highest morbidity (68.1%), mortality (29.5%) and fatality levels (45.5%) occurred in foals in the 30-89 day, 30-59 day and 0-29 day age groups respectively. RVA gene sequences were detected in 107 (89.9%) of the symptomatic individuals while further analysis demonstrated the outbreak was associated with the same G3P[12] RVA strain designated RVA/Donkey-wt/CHN/Don01/2019/G3P[12]. Although the VP4 gene of Don01 exhibited close phylogenetic relationships with equivalent RVA sequences commonly circulating in horses, encoding VP7 was more closely associated with sequences isolated from bats suggesting this new donkey strain arose via an intergenogroup reassortment event.
Actual prevalence not determined because <7% of asymptomatic donkey foals were included in this study. The complete genomic sequence of RVA/Donkey-wt/CHN/Don01/2019/G3P[12] remains to be determined.
Valuable new information about the molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses in different equid species is provided by isolation and molecular characterisation of a novel RVA strain from neonatal donkeys.
与马不同，唯一表明新生驴中存在胃肠道疾病的证据是通过 ELISA 在 82 只有 1 例有症状的驴驹中检测到病毒抗原。没有进行其他更全面的调查，而且如果 RVAs 在驴群中循环，也没有对其进行分子特征分析。
调查 RVAs 是否与新生驴的严重肠炎暴发有关，如果有关，则确定与在马中循环的 RVA 株相关的基因型（s）及其系统发育关系。
横断面研究。
使用基于 RT-PCR 的技术进行 RVA 诊断和基因扩增。通过卡方检验和 Fisher 确切双侧检验确定统计学意义。通过 RotaC 进行基因分型，通过邻接法进行系统发育分析。
2019 年，在中国山东省的两个密集型驴场，有 206 头驴驹（≤4 个月）中的 119 头发生急性肠炎。发病率（68.1%）、死亡率（29.5%）和病死率（45.5%）最高的是 30-89 天、30-59 天和 0-29 天龄组的驹。在 107 头有症状的个体中检测到 RVA 基因序列，进一步分析表明，暴发与同一 G3P[12] RVA 株有关，命名为 RVA/Donkey-wt/CHN/Don01/2019/G3P[12]。虽然 Don01 的 VP4 基因与马中常见的等效 RVA 序列密切相关，但编码 VP7 的序列与从蝙蝠中分离的序列更为密切相关，这表明这种新的驴株是通过基因间重组事件产生的。
由于未包括本研究中的<7%的无症状驴驹，因此实际患病率无法确定。RVA/Donkey-wt/CHN/Don01/2019/G3P[12]的完整基因组序列仍有待确定。
通过从新生驴中分离和分子特征鉴定一种新型 RVA 株，为不同马属动物的轮状病毒分子流行病学提供了有价值的新信息。
