Bonura Floriana, Bányai Kristián, Mangiaracina Leonardo, Bonura Celestino, Martella Vito, Giammanco Giovanni M, De Grazia Simona
Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROSAMI), Università di Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, Palermo, Italy.
Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Mar;69(2):813-835. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14054. Epub 2021 May 5.
Rotavirus A (RVA) is a major etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Hospital-based surveillance of viral gastroenteritis in paediatric population in Palermo (Italy) from 2017 onwards revealed a sharp increase in G3P[8] RVAs, accounting for 71% of all the RVAs detected in 2019. This pattern had not been observed before in Italy, with G3 RVA usually being detected at rates lower than 3%. In order to investigate this unique epidemiological pattern, the genetic diversity of G3 RVAs identified during a 16-year long surveillance (2004-2019) was explored by systematic sequencing of the VP7 and VP4 genes and by whole genome sequencing of selected G3 strains, representative of the various RVA seasons. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the VP7 and VP4 genes revealed the emergence, in 2017 of reassortant equine-like G3P[8], which gradually replaced former G3P[8] strains. The G3P[8] circulating before 2017 showed a Wa-like constellation of genome segments while the G3P[8] that emerged in 2017 had a DS-1-like backbone. On direct inspection of the VP7 and VP4 antigenic epitopes, the equine-like G3P[8] strains possessed several amino acid variations in neutralizing regions compared with vaccine strains. The equine-like G3P[8] RVAs are a further example of the zoonotic impact of animal viruses on human health.
A组轮状病毒（RVA）是全球儿童肠胃炎的主要病原体。自2017年起，对意大利巴勒莫儿科人群病毒性肠胃炎进行的基于医院的监测显示，G3P[8] RVA急剧增加，占2019年检测到的所有RVA的71%。这种模式此前在意大利未曾观察到，G3 RVA的检出率通常低于3%。为了调查这种独特的流行病学模式，通过对VP7和VP4基因进行系统测序以及对选定的代表不同RVA季节的G3毒株进行全基因组测序，探索了在长达16年（2004 - 2019年）的监测期间鉴定出的G3 RVA的遗传多样性。VP7和VP4基因的序列及系统发育分析显示，2017年出现了重组的马样G3P[8]，其逐渐取代了先前的G3P[8]毒株。2017年前流行的G3P[8]显示出类似Wa株的基因组片段组合，而2017年出现的G3P[8]具有类似DS - 1株的主干。直接检查VP7和VP4抗原表位时，与疫苗株相比，马样G3P[8]毒株在中和区域有多个氨基酸变异。马样G3P[8] RVA是动物病毒对人类健康产生人畜共患病影响的又一实例。
