Brundin K, Rödholm M, Larsson K
Department of Psychology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Early Hum Dev. 1988 Jan;16(1):35-53. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(88)90085-0.
Mothers and fathers of 20 boys and 20 girls representing all social classes were filmed when playing with their 6-month-old infants in a standardized playing situation. The vocal behavior of the parents and their infants was analyzed for sex differences. In addition, vocal activity was compared in parents and infants. Mothers showed a higher vocal activity than fathers together with their infants. Mothers also received more vocal activity from their infants than the fathers did. Fathers took more vocal initiatives towards girls than towards boys. Parents were vocally more active than infants. Comparing the vocal irritability of boys and girls, no differences were found. Fathers and mothers did not differ in vocal responsiveness to vocal irritability. Girls received more vocal initiations from fathers than boys while mothers treated boys and girls vocally equally.
来自所有社会阶层的20名男孩和20名女孩的父母，在标准化游戏情境中与他们6个月大的婴儿玩耍时被拍摄下来。对父母及其婴儿的发声行为进行了性别差异分析。此外，还比较了父母和婴儿的发声活动。母亲与婴儿在一起时的发声活动比父亲更高。母亲从婴儿那里得到的发声活动也比父亲多。父亲对女孩采取的发声主动行为比对男孩多。父母在发声方面比婴儿更活跃。比较男孩和女孩的发声易激惹性，未发现差异。父亲和母亲在对发声易激惹性的发声反应方面没有差异。女孩从父亲那里得到的发声主动行为比男孩多，而母亲对男孩和女孩的发声方式相同。
