Carroll Dana M, Allenzara Astia, Jensen Joni, Stepanov Irina, Hecht Stephen, Murphy Sharon, Luo Xianghua, Donny Eric, Hatsukami Dorothy K
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Tob Regul Sci. 2019 Jul;5(4):339-351. doi: 10.18001/trs.5.4.4.
We compared biomarkers of exposure and potential harm in smokers of American Spirit (AS) to smokers of Marlboro, Newport, Camel, and Pall Mall.
We conducted secondary analysis on: (1) data from a randomized clinical trial (RCT); and (2) the Population Assessment of Tobacco Use and Health (PATH) Study. Biomarkers analyzed included: total nicotine equivalents (TNE); 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and its glucuronides (total NNAL); '-nitrosonornicotine and its -glucuronide (total NNN);3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid(3-HPMA); 2-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (2-HPMA), 3-hydroxy-1 methylpropylmercapturic acid (HMPMA); S-phenylmercapturic acid(SPMA); 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid (CEMA); phenanthrene tetraol(PheT);1-hydroxypyrene (1-HOP);8--PGF; white blood count(WBC); prostaglandin E metabolite(PGEM); and high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP).
AS smokers did not differ in TNE but had higher TNE per cigarette compared to other brands. Total NNAL, total NNN, CEMA, and 3-HPMA were lower in AS smokers. All other biomarkers were no different in AS smokers compared to all or the majority of the other brands.
Levels of total NNAL, total NNN, acrylonitrile, and acrolein were reduced in AS smokers; however, it is not known whether reductions in exposure to these toxicants contribute to reduced harm. Higher TNE per cigarette smoked in AS smokers suggests a greater addictive potential compared to other brands. Regulatory action to ensure that consumers are not misled about the risks of the AS brand are recommended.
我们比较了吸食美国精神（AS）香烟者与吸食万宝路、新港、骆驼和百乐门香烟者的接触生物标志物和潜在危害。
我们对以下数据进行了二次分析：（1）一项随机临床试验（RCT）的数据；（2）烟草使用与健康人口评估（PATH）研究。分析的生物标志物包括：总尼古丁当量（TNE）；4-（甲基亚硝胺基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁醇及其葡糖醛酸苷（总NNAL）；'-亚硝基去甲烟碱及其-葡糖醛酸苷（总NNN）；3-羟丙基巯基尿酸（3-HPMA）；2-羟丙基巯基尿酸（2-HPMA），3-羟基-1-甲基丙基巯基尿酸（HMPMA）；S-苯基巯基尿酸（SPMA）；2-氰基乙基巯基尿酸（CEMA）；菲四醇（PheT）；1-羟基芘（1-HOP）；8-异前列腺素F（8-iso-PGF）；白细胞计数（WBC）；前列腺素E代谢物（PGEM）；以及高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）。
AS吸烟者的TNE无差异，但与其他品牌相比，每支香烟的TNE更高。AS吸烟者的总NNAL、总NNN、CEMA和3-HPMA较低。与所有或大多数其他品牌相比，AS吸烟者的所有其他生物标志物无差异。
AS吸烟者的总NNAL、总NNN、丙烯腈和丙烯醛水平降低；然而，尚不清楚这些有毒物质接触量的减少是否有助于降低危害。与其他品牌相比，AS吸烟者每支香烟吸食的TNE更高，表明其成瘾潜力更大。建议采取监管行动，以确保消费者不会被AS品牌的风险所误导。
