Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Jul;77(7):2942-2956. doi: 10.1111/jan.14720. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
To gather, quality assess, synthesize and interpret the views, feeling, and experiences of women who used water immersion during labour and/or birth.
A systematic meta-thematic synthesis and GRADE-CERQual.
We searched MEDLINE, CINHAL, PsychINFO, AMED, EMBASE (MIDIRS only), LILACS, AJOL. Additional searches were carried out using Ethos (thesis database), cross-referencing against Google Scholar and citation chasing. Searches were carried out in August 2019, updated February 2020.
Studies that met the selection criteria were appraised for quality. Data were extracted from the studies using meta-thematic analytical techniques; coding, descriptive findings, and analytical findings. The descriptive findings were subjected to confidence assessments using GRADE-CERQual.
Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine key statements of findings were generated - one had high confidence, three moderate, three low and one very low confidence in the findings. The analytical findings generated three main themes: Liberation and Self-Emancipation, Synergy, transcendence and demarcation and Transformative birth and beyond. Overall, women experienced warm water immersion during labour and/or birth positively. Both the water and pool itself, facilitated women's physical and psychological needs during labour and/or birth, including offering effective analgesia. Our findings indicated that birthing pools are versatile tools that provide for a space that women can adapt and influence to best suit their individual needs.
Women who used warm water immersion for labour and/or birth describe liberating and transformative experiences of welcoming their babies into the world. They were empowered, liberated, and satisfied. We recommend maternity professionals and services offer water immersion as a standard method of pain relief during labour/birth.
Understanding women's experiences of labour and birth will inform future clinical practice. Midwives are optimally positioned to enhance women's access to water immersion. These findings have implications for education, guideline, and policy development as well as clinical practice.
收集、评估质量、综合和解释使用分娩期间浸水的妇女的观点、感受和经验。
系统的元主题综合和 GRADE-CERQual。
我们检索了 MEDLINE、CINHAL、PsychINFO、AMED、EMBASE（仅 MIDIRS）、LILACS、AJOL。还使用 Ethos（论文数据库）进行了额外的搜索，与 Google Scholar 交叉引用并进行引文追踪。搜索于 2019 年 8 月进行，2020 年 2 月更新。
符合选择标准的研究进行了质量评估。使用元主题分析技术从研究中提取数据；编码、描述性发现和分析性发现。使用 GRADE-CERQual 对描述性发现进行置信度评估。
有 7 项研究符合纳入标准。生成了 9 个关键发现陈述 - 一个具有高度置信度，三个具有中度置信度，三个具有低度置信度，一个具有非常低度置信度。分析结果生成了三个主题：解放和自我解放、协同作用、超越和划分以及变革性分娩和超越。总体而言，女性对分娩期间的温水浸浴持积极态度。水和水池本身在分娩期间满足了女性的身体和心理需求，包括提供有效的镇痛。我们的研究结果表明，分娩池是多功能工具，可以提供一个空间，让女性可以适应和影响，以最好地满足她们的个人需求。
使用温水浸浴分娩的女性描述了迎接婴儿进入世界的解放和变革性体验。她们被赋予权力、解放和满足。我们建议产科专业人员和服务提供温水浸浴作为分娩时缓解疼痛的标准方法。
了解女性的分娩经历将为未来的临床实践提供信息。助产士最有能力增强女性获得温水浸浴的机会。这些发现对教育、指南和政策制定以及临床实践都有影响。
