National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Australia.
Centre for Youth Substance Abuse, The University of Queensland, Australia.
Addiction. 2021 Aug;116(8):2039-2048. doi: 10.1111/add.15415. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
Experience of alcohol-induced memory blackouts in adolescence may be an important risk factor for later harms. This longitudinal study (i) modelled trajectories of alcohol-related blackouts throughout adolescence, (ii) explored early-adolescent predictors of blackout trajectories and (iii) examined the association between blackout trajectories and alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms.
Longitudinal study in which data from six annual surveys of a longitudinal cohort of Australian adolescents were used to model latent class growth trajectories of blackouts, adjusting for alcohol consumption frequency and typical quantity. Regression models were used to determine whether parent, child and peer factors at baseline (mean age = 12.9) predicted profiles of blackout trajectory membership and whether blackout trajectories predicted meeting criteria for AUD in early adulthood (mean age = 19.8).
Australian adolescents (n = 1821; mean age = 13.9-18.8 years).
Alcohol-related blackouts, alcohol consumption frequency, typical consumption quantity and DSM-5 AUD in early adulthood were all self-reported.
We identified a three-class solution: delayed alcohol initiation, rare blackouts (n = 701; 38.5%); early initiation, rare blackouts (n = 869; 47.7%); and early initiation, increasing blackouts (n = 251; 13.8%). Female sex was associated with increased risk of early initiation, increasing blackouts relative to delayed initiation, rare blackouts [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 3.90; 99.5% confidence interval (CI) = 1.96, 7.76] and relative to early initiation, rare blackouts (RRR = 2.89; 99.5% CI = 1.42, 5.87). Early initiation, rare blackouts [odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 99.5% CI = 1.17, 3.29] and early initiation, increasing blackouts (OR = 4.93; 99.5% CI = 2.32, 10.48) were each associated with increased odds of meeting criteria for AUD in early adulthood relative to delayed initiation, rare blackouts. Early initiation, increasing blackouts was associated with increased odds of meeting criteria for AUD in early adulthood relative to early initiation, rare blackouts (OR = 2.51; 99.5% CI = 1.18, 5.38).
Females in Australia appear to be at higher risk of adolescent alcohol-related blackouts independent of alcohol consumption levels and age of initiation. Alcohol-related blackouts may be associated with later alcohol use disorder.
青少年时期经历过酒精导致的记忆缺失可能是日后伤害的一个重要风险因素。本纵向研究(i) 构建了整个青春期酒精相关记忆缺失的轨迹，(ii) 探讨了青春期早期记忆缺失轨迹的预测因素，(iii) 研究了记忆缺失轨迹与酒精使用障碍（AUD）症状之间的关系。
使用澳大利亚青少年纵向队列的六年年度调查数据，对记忆缺失的潜在类别增长轨迹进行建模，同时调整了饮酒频率和典型饮酒量。回归模型用于确定基线时（平均年龄 12.9 岁）的父母、孩子和同伴因素是否可以预测记忆缺失轨迹成员的特征，以及记忆缺失轨迹是否可以预测在成年早期出现 AUD 标准（平均年龄 19.8 岁）。
澳大利亚青少年（n=1821；平均年龄 13.9-18.8 岁）。
酒精相关记忆缺失、饮酒频率、典型饮酒量和成年早期的 DSM-5 AUD 均为自我报告。
我们确定了三种解决方案：酒精起始延迟、罕见记忆缺失（n=701；38.5%）；早期开始、罕见记忆缺失（n=869；47.7%）和早期开始、记忆缺失增加（n=251；13.8%）。女性性别与早期开始、记忆缺失增加的风险增加有关，与酒精起始延迟、罕见记忆缺失相比（相对风险比[RRR] 3.90；99.5%置信区间[CI] 1.96，7.76）和早期开始、罕见记忆缺失（RRR 2.89；99.5%CI 1.42，5.87）相比。早期开始、罕见记忆缺失（比值比[OR] 1.96；99.5%CI 1.17，3.29）和早期开始、记忆缺失增加（OR 4.93；99.5%CI 2.32，10.48）与成年早期 AUD 标准的出现几率增加有关，与酒精起始延迟、罕见记忆缺失相比。与早期开始、罕见记忆缺失相比，早期开始、记忆缺失增加与成年早期 AUD 标准的出现几率增加有关（OR 2.51；99.5%CI 1.18，5.38）。
澳大利亚女性似乎在青少年时期发生酒精相关记忆缺失的风险更高，而与酒精摄入量和开始饮酒的年龄无关。酒精相关记忆缺失可能与日后出现酒精使用障碍有关。
