Mihaylova Dasha, Popova Aneta, Desseva Ivelina, Petkova Nadezhda, Stoyanova Magdalena, Vrancheva Radka, Slavov Anton, Slavchev Alexandar, Lante Anna
Department of Biotechnology, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Department of Catering and Tourism, Economics Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Foods. 2021 Jan 14;10(1):164. doi: 10.3390/foods10010164.
Exploring the chemical composition and biological activity of different fruit varieties is essential for the valorization of their health claims. The current study focuses on a detailed comparative analysis of three early- and two mid-ripening peach varieties: "Filina" (peach), "July Lady" (peach), "Laskava" (peach), "Gergana" (nectarine), and "Ufo 4" (flat peach). They were characterized in terms of essential nutrients such as carbohydrates (sugars and dietary fibers), amino acid content, and lipids as well as mineral content, fat-soluble vitamins, carotenoids, and chlorophyll. Polyphenolic compounds and the related antioxidant activity were also assessed. The methanolic extract of the peel seems to be richer in the studied biologically active substances compared to the fleshy part of the fruit. Anthocyanins were most abundant in "Gergana" and "July Lady" extracts (6624.8 ± 404.9 and 7133.6 ± 388.8 µg cyanidin-3-glucoside/100 g fw, resp.). The total phenol content of the samples varied from 34.11 ± 0.54 to 157.97 ± 0.67 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g fw. "Filina" and "July Lady" varieties possessed the highest antioxidant activity. Overall, the results of this study confirm that the studied peach varieties have satisfactory nutritional value and are potential sources of biologically active substances. Each variety represents an individual palette of nutrients that should be considered separately from the other.
探索不同水果品种的化学成分和生物活性对于证实其健康宣称至关重要。本研究着重对三个早熟和两个中熟桃品种进行详细的比较分析：“菲丽娜”（桃）、“七月淑女”（桃）、“拉斯卡瓦”（桃）、“盖尔加娜”（油桃）和“飞碟4号”（蟠桃）。对它们的碳水化合物（糖类和膳食纤维）、氨基酸含量、脂质以及矿物质含量、脂溶性维生素、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素等必需营养素进行了表征。还评估了多酚类化合物及其相关的抗氧化活性。与果实的果肉部分相比，果皮的甲醇提取物似乎富含更多所研究的生物活性物质。花青素在“盖尔加娜”和“七月淑女”提取物中含量最高（分别为6624.8±404.9和7133.6±388.8微克矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷/100克鲜重）。样品的总酚含量在34.11±0.54至157.97±0.67毫克没食子酸当量（GAE）/100克鲜重之间变化。“菲丽娜”和“七月淑女”品种具有最高的抗氧化活性。总体而言，本研究结果证实，所研究的桃品种具有令人满意的营养价值，是生物活性物质的潜在来源。每个品种都代表了一个独特的营养组合，应与其他品种分开考虑。
