Bartolomei Martina, Bollati Carlotta, Bellumori Maria, Cecchi Lorenzo, Cruz-Chamorro Ivan, Santos-Sánchez Guillermo, Ranaldi Giulia, Ferruzza Simonetta, Sambuy Yula, Arnoldi Anna, Mulinacci Nadia, Lammi Carmen
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jan 15;10(1):118. doi: 10.3390/antiox10010118.
In the framework of research aimed at promoting the nutraceutical properties of the phenolic extract (BUO) obtained from an extra virgin olive oil of the Frantoio cultivar cultivated in Tuscany (Italy), with a high total phenols content, this study provides a comprehensive characterization of its antioxidant properties, both in vitro by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays, and at the cellular level in human hepatic HepG2 and human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Notably, in both cell systems, after HO induced oxidative stress, the BUO extract reduced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and NO overproduction via modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase protein levels. In parallel, the intestinal transport of the different phenolic components of the BUO phytocomplex was assayed on differentiated Caco-2 cells, a well-established model of mature enterocytes. The novelty of our study lies in having investigated the antioxidant effects of a complex pool of phenolic compounds in an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) extract, using either in vitro assays or liver and intestinal cell models, rather than the effects of single phenols, such as hydroxytyrosol or oleuropein. Finally, the selective trans-epithelial transport of some oleuropein derivatives was observed for the first time in differentiated Caco-2 cells.
在旨在提升从意大利托斯卡纳种植的弗拉托io品种特级初榨橄榄油中获得的酚类提取物（BUO）的营养保健特性的研究框架内，该提取物总酚含量高，本研究全面表征了其抗氧化特性，包括通过Trolox当量抗氧化能力、氧自由基吸收能力、铁还原抗氧化能力和2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼测定法进行的体外抗氧化特性，以及在人肝癌HepG2细胞和人肠道Caco-2细胞中的细胞水平抗氧化特性。值得注意的是，在这两种细胞系统中，在过氧化氢诱导氧化应激后，BUO提取物通过调节诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白水平降低了活性氧、脂质过氧化和一氧化氮过量产生。同时，在分化的Caco-2细胞（一种成熟肠上皮细胞的成熟模型）上测定了BUO植物复合物不同酚类成分的肠道转运。我们研究的新颖之处在于，使用体外测定法或肝脏和肠道细胞模型研究了特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）提取物中复杂酚类化合物池的抗氧化作用，而不是单一酚类（如羟基酪醇或橄榄苦苷）的作用。最后，首次在分化的Caco-2细胞中观察到了一些橄榄苦苷衍生物的选择性跨上皮转运。
