The University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
Autism. 2021 Jul;25(5):1246-1261. doi: 10.1177/1362361320984896. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Autistic adults face prejudice from non-autistic people. They are often judged unfairly and left out of social activities because of their differences. This can make it difficult for autistic people to make friends and find jobs. Some training programs have tried to teach autistic people to act more like non-autistic people to help them gain acceptance. Fewer have focused on teaching non-autistic people how to be more autism friendly. In this study, we used a short training video that teaches people about autism. The video was created with the help of autistic adults and included clips of real autistic people. We found that non-autistic people who watched this video had better knowledge about autism and showed more autism-friendly attitudes than those who watched a video about mental health or those who did not watch any video. They were more open to having a relationship with an autistic person and had more positive beliefs about autism. However, our video did not affect people's unconscious attitudes about autism. People in our study connected autism with unpleasant traits, even if they had watched the autism training video. This suggests that teaching non-autistic people about autism may promote more autism-friendly attitudes, but some beliefs may be harder to change.
自闭症患者会受到非自闭症患者的偏见。由于他们之间存在差异，自闭症患者经常受到不公平的评判，被排除在社交活动之外。这使得自闭症患者很难交朋友和找到工作。一些培训项目曾试图教导自闭症患者表现得更像非自闭症患者，以帮助他们获得认可。但较少项目关注于教导非自闭症患者如何更友善地对待自闭症患者。在这项研究中，我们使用了一个教授自闭症知识的短视频。这个视频是在自闭症患者的帮助下创建的，其中包括真实自闭症患者的片段。我们发现，观看这个视频的非自闭症患者对自闭症的了解更好，并且表现出了比观看心理健康视频或不观看任何视频的人更友善的态度。他们更愿意与自闭症患者建立关系，并且对自闭症有更积极的看法。然而，我们的视频并没有影响人们对自闭症的无意识态度。即使观看了自闭症培训视频，研究中的参与者仍然将自闭症与不愉快的特征联系在一起。这表明，向非自闭症患者教授自闭症知识可能会促进更友善的态度，但有些信念可能更难改变。
