Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, CEP, Ilheus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UFMS, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Parasitol Res. 2021 Mar;120(3):807-818. doi: 10.1007/s00436-020-07013-7. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Tungiasis is a public health problem in endemic resource-poor communities, where dogs are important reservoirs of Tunga spp., contributing significantly to the process of transmission of this zoonosis. In order to optimize the diagnosis of canine tungiasis, macroscopic morphological characteristics and clinical signs of the lesions were investigated, based on the inspection of 40 dogs infested by T. penetrans from an endemic rural community in northeastern Brazil. Of the 1546 lesions found in these dogs, including all stages of development of the parasite, 89.1% (1378) were located on the paw pads. Dogs aged up to 5 years had the greatest number of lesions. Dark pigmentation and hyperkeratosis of the paw pads made it difficult to identify the lesions. Among all the clinical signs observed were hyperemia (38; 95%), pain (32; 80%), fissure (11; 27.5%), onychogryphosis (29; 72.5%), cluster of lesions (26; 65%), hyperkeratosis (25; 62.5%), lameness (15; 37.5%), and fissure (11; 27.5%). Ectopic lesions were found especially in the nipples (64; 4.1%) and abdomen (51; 3.3%). The maximum diameter of the stage III neosomes was 6 mm. Dogs with a higher number of lesions had a higher degree of hyperkeratosis. Age over 1 year was associated with a higher rate of dispersion of the parasite in the environment (p = 0.04). The identification of the initial stages of tungiasis can guarantee a more effective control of the disease in dogs, which will mainly depend on the treatment of adult animals and the application of continuous preventive actions based on One Health in these communities.
人肤蝇病是一种在资源匮乏的流行地区存在的公共卫生问题，在这些地区，狗是人体肤蝇属的重要宿主，对这种人畜共患疾病的传播过程起着重要作用。为了优化犬类人肤蝇病的诊断，本研究基于对来自巴西东北部一个流行农村社区的 40 只感染 T. penetrans 的狗的检查，调查了病变的宏观形态特征和临床症状。在这些狗身上发现的 1546 处病变中，包括寄生虫所有发育阶段的病变，89.1%（1378 处）位于脚垫上。年龄在 5 岁以下的狗病变数量最多。脚垫的色素沉着和过度角化使得病变难以识别。观察到的所有临床症状包括充血（38 例；95%）、疼痛（32 例；80%）、裂隙（11 例；27.5%）、甲变形（29 例；72.5%）、病变簇（26 例；65%）、过度角化（25 例；62.5%）、跛行（15 例；37.5%）和裂隙（11 例；27.5%）。异位病变尤其出现在乳头（64 例；4.1%）和腹部（51 例；3.3%）。III 期新体的最大直径为 6 毫米。病变数量较多的狗有更高程度的过度角化。年龄超过 1 岁与寄生虫在环境中扩散的速度增加有关（p=0.04）。早期人肤蝇病的识别可以保证对犬类疾病的更有效控制，这主要取决于对成年动物的治疗以及在这些社区中基于“同一健康”原则实施的持续预防措施。
