Liu Tianzhu, Li Xiaodan, Huang Lesheng, Li Hongyi, Cai Kaili, Jiang Jinghua, Chen Nianli, Zhang Wanchun, Tang Jiahui, Zhang Meng, Zhao Dan, Ye Jingzhi, Zhang Chengfeng, He Tao, Liu Bo, Ye Yongsong, Chen Jun
Department of Radiology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, China.
Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, China.
Ann Palliat Med. 2021 Feb;10(2):2271-2282. doi: 10.21037/apm-20-1997. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
Zinner syndrome (ZS) is a rare anomaly of the Wolffian duct. We searched for case reports and case series to identify the most effective methods for examination and treatment. The PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched. Our searches yielded 160 case reports/case series and included 214 patients. The mean age at diagnosis was 29.35 years. The R:L distribution was 1:1. The most common symptoms were: frequency (24.3%), dysuria (23.1%) and perineal pain (20.2%) in ZS patients with clinical symptoms. The diagnostic investigations used most frequently were magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (67.8%) and ultrasonography (65.0%). Maximum flow rate on uroflowmetry, semen ejaculate volume, sperm count, and sperm motility were significantly lower in patients with ZS. Among 193 patients with treatment details, 65.8% underwent surgery; 9.8% underwent aspiration; 24.3% were followed with observation. Two patients died after surgery; all other patients remained asymptomatic after surgery. Fifty-two patients had complications and comorbidities. In patients with ZS, the most common symptoms are seminal vesicle cyst enlargement and compression of the bladder, ureter, and reproductive system. The diagnosis mostly depends on radiological examination. Surgery may be effective, but complications may occur.
辛纳综合征（ZS）是一种罕见的中肾管异常。我们检索了病例报告和病例系列，以确定最有效的检查和治疗方法。检索了PubMed/Medline、Embase和Scopus数据库。我们的检索得到了160份病例报告/病例系列，纳入了214例患者。诊断时的平均年龄为29.35岁。左右分布为1:1。有临床症状的ZS患者最常见的症状为：尿频（24.3%）、排尿困难（23.1%）和会阴部疼痛（20.2%）。最常使用的诊断检查方法是磁共振成像（MRI）（67.8%）和超声检查（65.0%）。ZS患者的尿流率最大流速、精液射出量、精子计数和精子活力显著降低。在193例有治疗细节的患者中，65.8%接受了手术；9.8%接受了抽吸；24.3%进行了观察随访。2例患者术后死亡；所有其他患者术后均无症状。52例患者有并发症和合并症。在ZS患者中，最常见的症状是精囊囊肿增大以及膀胱、输尿管和生殖系统受压。诊断主要依靠影像学检查。手术可能有效，但可能会出现并发症。
