Repajić Maja, Cegledi Ena, Zorić Zoran, Pedisić Sandra, Elez Garofulić Ivona, Radman Sanja, Palčić Igor, Dragović-Uzelac Verica
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Foods. 2021 Jan 18;10(1):190. doi: 10.3390/foods10010190.
This study evaluated the presence of bioactives in wild nettle leaves and stalks during the phenological stage and in the context of natural habitat diversity. Thus, wild nettle samples collected before flowering, during flowering and after flowering from 14 habitats situated in three different regions (continental, mountain and seaside) were analyzed for low molecular weight polyphenols, carotenoids and chlorophylls using UPLC-MS/MS and HPLC analysis, while the ORAC method was performed for the antioxidant capacity measurement. Statistical analysis showed that, when compared to the stalks, nettle leaves contained significantly higher amounts of analyzed compounds which accumulated in the highest yields before flowering (polyphenols) and at the flowering stage (pigments). Moreover, nettle habitat variations greatly influenced the amounts of analyzed bioactives, where samples from the continental area contained higher levels of polyphenols, while seaside region samples were more abundant with pigments. The levels of ORAC followed the same pattern, being higher in leaves samples collected before and during flowering from the continental habitats. Hence, in order to provide the product's maximum value for consumers' benefit, a multidisciplinary approach is important for the selection of a plant part as well as its phenological stage with the highest accumulation of bioactive compounds.
本研究评估了野生荨麻叶和茎在物候期以及自然栖息地多样性背景下生物活性成分的存在情况。因此，对采自三个不同区域（大陆、山区和海边）14个栖息地的野生荨麻样本在开花前、开花期和开花后进行了分析，使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定低分子量多酚、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素，同时采用氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）法测定抗氧化能力。统计分析表明，与茎相比，荨麻叶中分析的化合物含量显著更高，这些化合物在开花前（多酚）和开花期（色素）积累量最高。此外，荨麻栖息地的变化极大地影响了分析的生物活性成分的含量，大陆地区的样本多酚含量较高，而海边地区的样本色素含量更丰富。ORAC水平遵循相同模式，大陆栖息地开花前和开花期采集的叶样本中ORAC水平更高。因此，为了为消费者提供产品的最大价值，多学科方法对于选择生物活性化合物积累量最高的植物部位及其物候期很重要。
