Elkind A K
Department of Epidemiology & Social Oncology, Christie Hospital & Holt Radium Institute, Withington, Manchester, England.
Soc Sci Med. 1988;26(2):243-51. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(88)90245-6.
A questionnaire and interview study of female recruits to nursing and teaching showed that occupational differences in the prevalence of smoking are already established at entry to training. The social characteristics of the smokers in the sample corresponded to those of women smokers generally. Differences in education and social origin contributed to occupational variations in behaviour. The influence of sibling behaviour and parental opinion operated differently within the two occupational groups. The psychological attributes of individuals attracted to a particular profession may also contribute to occupational patterns, specifically risk-taking and a concern for personal freedom.
一项针对护理和教育专业女性新兵的问卷调查及访谈研究表明，吸烟率的职业差异在培训入学时就已存在。样本中吸烟者的社会特征与一般女性吸烟者的特征相符。教育程度和社会出身的差异导致了行为上的职业差异。兄弟姐妹行为和父母意见的影响在两个职业群体中的作用方式不同。被特定职业吸引的个人的心理特质也可能导致职业模式的形成，特别是冒险精神和对个人自由的关注。
