Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK,
Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2020 Nov;51(3):527-538. doi: 10.1638/2019-0205.
Infection with can be difficult to diagnose and treat successfully. Twenty-four cases from the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) London Zoo and ZSL Whipsnade Zoo were identified between 2001 and 2019. Husbandry, medical, and postmortem records for six primates, 10 artiodactyls, and eight birds were reviewed to identify common clinical signs and gross lesions. Most cases occurred during the winter; however, an outbreak in four primates occurred during the summer following a period of stress associated with increased ambient noise and activity. Common clinical signs included lethargy (6/6 primates, 4/10 artiodactyls, 4/8 birds) or death without premonitory signs (3/10 artiodactyls, 4/8 birds). Once clinical signs were observed, disease progressed quickly. Poor condition was common in mammals (6/6 primates, 9/10 artiodactyls), but often went undetected until postmortem examination. Neurological signs occurred in three of six primates. Diarrhea and anorexia were uncommon in all animals. Hepatitis was observed in all groups (4/6 primates, 2/10 artiodactyls, 4/8 birds), mesenteric lymphadenomegaly was common in mammals (4/6 primates, 8/10 artiodactyls), and gastroenteritis was common in artiodactyls (7/10). Erythematous, punctate rashes, which have only been reported with yersiniosis in humans, were present in three of six primates. Bacterial cultures from the liver in primates and birds or enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes in artiodactyls were often diagnostic. All isolates were susceptible to marbofloxacin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, ceftazidime, amoxicillin clavulanic acid, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, and doxycycline, and resistant to clindamycin. Histopathology and Perl's Prussian blue stains were performed on available liver samples ( = 18). Intracellular hemosiderin was present in 17 of 18 cases. Additional research is needed to determine if there is a relationship between hemosiderosis and yersiniosis.
感染 很难成功诊断和治疗。在 2001 年至 2019 年期间，从伦敦动物学会（ZSL）伦敦动物园和 ZSL 惠特克姆野生动物园确定了 24 例病例。对 6 只灵长类动物、10 只偶蹄类动物和 8 只鸟类的饲养、医疗和剖检记录进行了回顾，以确定常见的临床症状和大体病变。大多数病例发生在冬季；然而，在与增加的环境噪音和活动相关的应激期过后的夏季，4 只灵长类动物发生了一次暴发。常见的临床症状包括嗜睡（6/6 只灵长类动物，4/10 只偶蹄类动物，4/8 只鸟类）或无先兆症状死亡（3/10 只偶蹄类动物，4/8 只鸟类）。一旦出现临床症状，疾病就会迅速进展。哺乳动物的一般状况较差（6/6 只灵长类动物，9/10 只偶蹄类动物），但通常在剖检检查时才被发现。3 只灵长类动物出现神经症状。所有动物均未见腹泻和厌食。肝炎见于所有组（6/6 只灵长类动物，2/10 只偶蹄类动物，4/8 只鸟类），肠系膜淋巴结肿大在哺乳动物中很常见（6/6 只灵长类动物，8/10 只偶蹄类动物），偶蹄类动物中肠胃炎很常见（7/10）。在 6 只灵长类动物中的 3 只可见红斑、点状皮疹，仅在人类耶尔森菌病中报告过。灵长类动物的肝脏细菌培养和鸟类或偶蹄类动物的肿大肠系膜淋巴结通常具有诊断意义。所有分离株均对马波沙星、多西环素、链霉素、头孢他啶、阿莫西林克拉维酸、甲氧苄啶磺胺甲恶唑、阿奇霉素和强力霉素敏感，对克林霉素耐药。对可用的肝组织样本（n=18）进行了组织病理学和 Perl 普鲁士蓝染色。18 例中有 17 例存在细胞内含铁血黄素。需要进一步研究以确定血色素沉着症和耶尔森菌病之间是否存在关系。
