Kudr Jiri, Michalek Petr, Ilieva Lada, Adam Vojtech, Zitka Ondrej
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
Trends Analyt Chem. 2021 Mar;136:116192. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116192. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread since the end of 2019 and has resulted in a pandemic with unprecedented socioeconomic consequences. This situation has created enormous demand for the improvement of current diagnostic methods and the development of new diagnostic methods for fast, low-cost and user-friendly confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This critical review focuses on viral electrochemical biosensors that are promising for the development of rapid medical COVID-19 diagnostic tools. The molecular biological properties of SARS-CoV-2 as well as currently known biochemical attributes of infection necessary for biosensor development are outlined. The advantages and drawbacks of conventional diagnostic methods, such as quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), are critically discussed. Electrochemical biosensors focusing on viral nucleic acid and whole viral particle detection are highlighted and discussed in detail. Finally, future perspectives on viral electrochemical biosensor development are briefly mentioned.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）自2019年底以来开始传播，并导致了一场具有前所未有的社会经济后果的大流行。这种情况极大地推动了对改进现有诊断方法以及开发新诊断方法的需求，以实现对SARS-CoV-2感染的快速、低成本且用户友好的确认。这篇批判性综述聚焦于有望用于开发快速医疗COVID-19诊断工具的病毒电化学生物传感器。概述了SARS-CoV-2的分子生物学特性以及生物传感器开发所需的目前已知的感染生化属性。批判性地讨论了传统诊断方法（如定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR））的优缺点。重点介绍并详细讨论了专注于病毒核酸和完整病毒颗粒检测的电化学生物传感器。最后，简要提及了病毒电化学生物传感器开发的未来前景。
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