Brzozowska Maria, Lewiński Andrzej
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2020 Dec;19(4):151-154. doi: 10.5114/pm.2020.101941. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Androgens play an important role in women's health. They are responsible for the sexual well-being and for maintaining proper structure and function of genitourinary woman's tract. In menopausal period a relative increase in androgens level is observed as a result of dramatic demise of estrogens and increase of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). However, the response of target tissue depends on its ability to control androgens availability. In menopausal women the symptoms of both hyperandrogenemia and of androgens deficiency may be observed. Hyperandrogenemia may result in discrete symptoms, such as slight terminal facial hair grow, or worsening of scalp hair loss. Those symptoms should not be belittled in any of the cases, especially when their severity increases one should seek possible causes of postmenopausal hyperandrogenemia. Ovarian and adrenal aging, leading to a progressive decline in androgen levels, may exert detrimental effects on the quality of life. During menopause, changes in activation of particular brain spheres are connected with low sex hormone concentration and correlate with loss of sexual arousability. Hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction (HSDD) may be the direct result of androgens deficiency in menopausal women. It is the only evidence-based indication for the use of testosterone in women. However, before treatment, other diseases must be excluded that might alternatively be the cause of HSDD.
雄激素在女性健康中起着重要作用。它们对性功能健康负责,并维持女性泌尿生殖道的正常结构和功能。在更年期,由于雌激素急剧减少和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)增加,雄激素水平会相对升高。然而,靶组织的反应取决于其控制雄激素可用性的能力。在更年期女性中,可能会观察到高雄激素血症和雄激素缺乏的症状。高雄激素血症可能导致一些轻微症状,如面部终毛轻度生长或头皮脱发加重。在任何情况下,这些症状都不应被轻视,尤其是当症状严重程度增加时,应寻找绝经后高雄激素血症的可能原因。卵巢和肾上腺功能衰退导致雄激素水平逐渐下降,可能会对生活质量产生不利影响。在更年期期间,特定脑区激活的变化与低性激素浓度有关,并与性唤起能力丧失相关。性欲减退功能障碍(HSDD)可能是更年期女性雄激素缺乏的直接结果。这是女性使用睾酮的唯一循证指征。然而,在治疗前,必须排除其他可能导致HSDD的疾病。