Oguttu James Wabwire, Qekwana Daniel Nenene, Odoi Agricola
Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Section Veterinary Public Health, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Jan 7;7:589439. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.589439. eCollection 2020.
While surveillance of antimicrobial drug resistance is ongoing in human medicine in South Africa, there is no such activity being performed in veterinary medicine. As a result, there is a need to investigate antimicrobial resistance among enterococci isolated from dogs in South Africa to improve understanding of the status of antimicrobial drug resistance given its public and veterinary public health importance. This study investigated antimicrobial resistance and factors associated with resistance profiles of enterococci isolated from dogs presented for veterinary care at a veterinary teaching hospital in South Africa. In total 102 isolated between 2007 and 2011 by a bacteriology laboratory at a teaching hospital were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined against a panel of 18 antimicrobials using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Univariate analysis was used to assess simple associations between year, season, breed group, age group, sex, and specimen as covariates and extensive drug resistance (XDR) as the outcome. Variables that were significant in the univariate analysis at a generous -value ≤ 0.2 were included in the multivariable logistic models to investigate predictors of XDR. All the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. High proportions of isolates were resistant against lincomycin (93%), kanamycin (87%), orbifloxacin (85%), and aminogycoside-lincosamide (77%). Ninety three percent (93%), 35.3, and 8.8% of the isolates exhibited multi-drug, extensive-drug and pan-drug resistance, respectively. Only year was significantly ( = 0.019) associated with extensive-drug resistance. Given the zoonotic potential of spp., the high antimicrobial resistance and multi-drug resistance observed in this study are a public health concern from one health perspective. The identified resistance to various antimicrobials may be useful in guiding clinicians especially in resource scarce settings where it is not always possible to perform AST when making treatment decisions.
虽然南非正在对人类医学中的抗菌药物耐药性进行监测，但兽医学领域尚未开展此类活动。因此，鉴于抗菌药物耐药性对公共卫生和兽医公共卫生的重要性，有必要调查南非犬类分离出的肠球菌的抗菌耐药性，以增进对抗菌药物耐药性现状的了解。本研究调查了在南非一家兽医教学医院接受兽医护理的犬类分离出的肠球菌的抗菌耐药性及其与耐药谱相关的因素。本研究纳入了2007年至2011年间由一家教学医院的细菌学实验室分离出的102株菌株。采用 Kirby Bauer 纸片扩散法测定了这些菌株对一组18种抗菌药物的药敏性。单因素分析用于评估年份、季节、品种组、年龄组、性别和标本作为协变量与广泛耐药（XDR）作为结果之间的简单关联。在单因素分析中，P值≤0.2时具有显著性的变量被纳入多变量逻辑模型，以研究XDR的预测因素。所有分离株均对至少一种抗菌药物耐药。高比例的分离株对林可霉素（93%）、卡那霉素（87%）、奥比沙星（85%）和氨基糖苷类-林可酰胺类（77%）耐药。分别有93%、35.3%和8.8%的分离株表现出多重耐药、广泛耐药和泛耐药。只有年份与广泛耐药显著相关（P = 0.019）。鉴于肠球菌属的人畜共患病潜力，本研究中观察到的高抗菌耐药性和多重耐药性从“同一健康”角度来看是一个公共卫生问题。确定的对各种抗菌药物的耐药性可能有助于指导临床医生，特别是在资源匮乏的环境中，在做出治疗决策时并不总是能够进行药敏试验的情况下。
