Benefits and limitations of sting challenge in hymenoptera venom allergy.

The prevalence of systemic reactions to hymenoptera stings is up to 7.5%. Venom-specific immunotherapy (VIT) is an established treatment for insect venom allergy. In order to monitor the allergic status and thus the success of the therapy, controlled sting challenge under VIT continues to be the gold standard. This review deals not only with useful indications and therapeutic consequences but also with critical aspects that should be considered when performing sting challenge.