Programa de Pós Graduação eôôm Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande-RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos E Toxicológicos - LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande - RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
Environ Geochem Health. 2021 Aug;43(8):3055-3066. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-00817-1. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Coal is the most aggressive energy sources in the environment. Several adverse outcomes on children's health exposure to coal pollutants have been reported. Pollutants from coal power plants adversely affect the intellectual development and capacity. The present study aimed to evaluate the intellectual development and associated factors among children living a city under the direct influence (DI) and six neighboring municipalities under the indirect influence (II) of coal mining activity in the largest coal reserve of Brazil. A structured questionnaire was completed by the child's guardian, and Raven's Progressive Color Matrices were administered to each child to assess intellectual development. A total of 778 children participated. In general, no significant difference was observed between the two cities. The DI city had better socioeconomic conditions than the II municipalities according to family income (< 0.001). The prevalence of children who were intellectually below average or with intellectual disabilities was 22.9%, and there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between municipalities. In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, intellectual development was associated with maternal age, marital situation and maternal education level, birth weight, breast feeding, frequent children's daycare, paternal participation in children's care and child growth. Living in the DI area was not associated with intellectual disability. The results suggest that socioeconomic conditions and maternal and neonatal outcomes are more important than environmental factors for intellectual development of children living in a coal mining area.
煤炭是环境中最具侵略性的能源之一。已有多项研究报告表明，儿童接触煤炭污染物会对其健康产生不良影响。燃煤电厂的污染物会对智力发展和能力产生不利影响。本研究旨在评估巴西最大煤炭储量区的一个直接受采煤活动影响的城市和六个间接受采煤活动影响的邻市的儿童的智力发展及其相关因素。由儿童监护人填写一份结构化问卷，并对每个儿童进行瑞文渐进彩色矩阵测试，以评估智力发展情况。共有 778 名儿童参与了研究。总体而言，两个城市之间没有显著差异。根据家庭收入，直接影响城市的社会经济条件优于间接影响城市（<0.001）。智力低于平均水平或有智力残疾的儿童的患病率为 22.9%，且两个城市之间没有显著差异（p>0.05）。在未调整和调整分析中，智力发展与母亲年龄、婚姻状况和母亲教育水平、出生体重、母乳喂养、儿童经常日托、父亲参与儿童护理和儿童生长有关。居住在直接影响区与智力残疾无关。研究结果表明，社会经济条件以及母婴和新生儿结局对生活在采煤区的儿童的智力发展更为重要，而环境因素的影响较小。
