哥伦比亚和西班牙大学生的矛盾性别歧视评估：一项比较分析。
Assessment of Ambivalent Sexism in University Students in Colombia and Spain: A Comparative Analysis.
作者信息
Rodríguez-Burbano Aura Yolima, Cepeda Isabel, Vargas-Martínez Ana Magdalena, De-Diego-Cordero Rocío
机构信息
Program of Law, Faculty of Social, Political and Humanities, Universidad de Santander, 680003 Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Applied Economy Department, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28032 Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 24;18(3):1009. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031009.
(1) Background: Gender-based violence has no geographical, personal, or social boundaries. It constitutes a serious public health problem that affects the entire society. This research aims to identify and compare the level of ambivalent sexism in Spanish and Colombian university students and its relationship with sociodemographic factors. Ambivalent sexism, developed by Glick and Fiske (1996), is considered a new type of sexism since, for the first time, it combines negative and positive feelings that give rise to hostile and benevolent sexism, maintaining the subordination of women through punishment and rewards. (2) Methods: The methodology consisted of the application of the validated Spanish version of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) to a sample of 374 students in their final academic year of the Law program, of which 21.7% were students at the University of Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia), 45.5% at the University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain), and the remaining 32.9% at the University of Seville (Seville, Spain). (3) Results: A high level of ambivalent sexism is reported in Colombian students nowadays. In the two countries. there are similarities (e.g., the great weight of religion and the variation in attitudes towards sexism in people who identify themselves as women, compared to male or students consulted that prefer not to answer) and differences (e.g., absence in Colombia of gender-specific legislation, low number of students who have received gender education in Spain). (4) Conclusions: These findings may contribute to the construction of laws that take into account the particular problems of women and the development of educational programs on gender that are offered in a transversal and permanent way and that take into account cultural factors and equity between men and women as an essential element in the training of future judges who have the legal responsibility to protect those who report gender violence.
(1) 背景：基于性别的暴力没有地理、个人或社会界限。它构成了一个严重的公共卫生问题，影响着整个社会。本研究旨在识别和比较西班牙和哥伦比亚大学生的矛盾性别歧视程度及其与社会人口因素的关系。由Glick和Fiske（1996年）提出的矛盾性别歧视被认为是一种新型性别歧视，因为它首次将消极和积极情感结合起来，产生了敌意性和善意性性别歧视，通过惩罚和奖励来维持女性的从属地位。(2) 方法：研究方法包括将经过验证的西班牙语版矛盾性别歧视量表（ASI）应用于374名法律专业最后学年的学生样本，其中21.7%是桑坦德大学（哥伦比亚布卡拉曼加）的学生，45.5%是雷·胡安·卡洛斯国王大学（西班牙马德里）的学生，其余32.9%是塞维利亚大学（西班牙塞维利亚）的学生。(3) 结果：如今哥伦比亚学生中报告出高水平的矛盾性别歧视。在这两个国家，存在相似之处（例如，宗教的重大影响以及与男性或选择不回答的被调查学生相比，自认为是女性的人在性别歧视态度上的差异）和不同之处（例如，哥伦比亚没有针对性别的立法，西班牙接受过性别教育的学生数量较少）。(4) 结论：这些研究结果可能有助于制定考虑到女性特殊问题的法律，以及制定以横向和永久方式提供的、考虑文化因素以及男女平等作为未来法官培训中保护举报性别暴力者的法律责任的关键要素的性别教育项目。
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