Lahuerta-Contell Sara, Molina-García Javier, Queralt Ana, Martínez-Bello Vladimir E
Conselleria d'Educació, Generalitat Valenciana, 46015 Valencia, Spain.
COS Research Group, Body, Movement, Music and Curricular Practices, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2021 Jan 25;8(2):82. doi: 10.3390/children8020082.
Research on physical activity (PA) in different educational settings could elucidate which interventions promote a healthy school lifestyle in early childhood education (ECE). The aims of this study were: (a) to analyse the PA levels of preschoolers during school hours, as well as the rate of compliance with specific recommendations on total PA (TPA) and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA); (b) to examine the role of structured movement sessions and recess time in the MVPA levels during school hours; (c) to evaluate the sociodemographic correlates of preschoolers and the school environment on MVPA behaviour during school hours. PA was evaluated with Actigraph accelerometers. Our main findings were that: (a) preschoolers engaged in very little TPA and MVPA during school hours; (b) children showed significantly higher MVPA levels on days with versus without structured movement sessions, and the contribution of the structured sessions to MVPA was significantly higher than that of recess time; (c) gender and age were associated with PA, and a high density of young children on the playground was associated with high levels of vigorous PA, whereas in the classroom, high density was associated with more sedentary behaviour. Structured PA could reduce the gap in achieving international recommendations.
对不同教育环境下的体育活动（PA）进行研究，有助于阐明哪些干预措施能够在幼儿教育（ECE）中促进健康的学校生活方式。本研究的目的是：（a）分析学龄前儿童在上学时间的PA水平，以及遵守总PA（TPA）和中等强度至剧烈强度PA（MVPA）具体建议的比率；（b）研究结构化运动课程和课间休息时间在上学时间MVPA水平中的作用；（c）评估学龄前儿童的社会人口统计学特征以及学校环境对上学时间MVPA行为的影响。使用Actigraph加速度计对PA进行评估。我们的主要发现是：（a）学龄前儿童在上学时间参与的TPA和MVPA很少；（b）与没有结构化运动课程的日子相比，孩子们在有结构化运动课程的日子里表现出显著更高的MVPA水平，并且结构化课程对MVPA的贡献显著高于课间休息时间；（c）性别和年龄与PA相关，操场上幼儿的高密度与高强度PA水平相关，而在教室里，高密度与更多久坐行为相关。结构化PA可以缩小在实现国际建议方面的差距。
