Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology and Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Paediatric Cardiac Surgery in Gdańsk, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-846 Gdańsk, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 25;18(3):1060. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031060.
The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing worldwide. Some obese children can go on to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS), but exactly who among them remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to indicate predisposing factors for metabolic syndrome, especially those that can be modified. The study comprised 591 obese children aged 10-12 years. They were all Caucasian residents of Gdańsk, Poland, with similar demographic backgrounds. Clinical examination, anthropometry, biometric impedance analysis, blood tests (including oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and insulinemia), and dietary and physical activity evaluation were conducted. The results of our study show that the risk factors for MetS or any of its components include male sex, parental (especially paternal) obesity, low body mass at birth, as well as omitting breakfast or dinner. There are few risk factors for metabolic syndrome both in obese adults and children. Some of these predictors can be modified, especially those in relation to lifestyle. Identifying and then influencing these factors may help to reduce the development of metabolic syndrome and consequently improve health and quality of life.
儿童肥胖症的患病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。一些肥胖儿童可能会发展为代谢综合征（MetS），但具体哪些儿童会发展为代谢综合征仍有待确定。本研究旨在指出代谢综合征的易患因素，特别是那些可以改变的因素。研究纳入了 591 名年龄在 10-12 岁的肥胖儿童。他们均为波兰格但斯克的白种人居民，具有相似的人口统计学背景。进行了临床检查、人体测量学、生物阻抗分析、血液检查（包括口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）和胰岛素血症）以及饮食和体力活动评估。我们的研究结果表明，代谢综合征或其任何成分的危险因素包括男性、父母（尤其是父亲）肥胖、出生时体重低，以及不吃早餐或晚餐。肥胖成年人和儿童的代谢综合征危险因素都很少。其中一些预测因素是可以改变的，尤其是与生活方式相关的因素。识别这些因素并加以影响可能有助于减少代谢综合征的发展，从而改善健康和生活质量。
