Gehring Tobias, Lupo Cosmo, Kordts Arne, Solar Nikolic Dino, Jain Nitin, Rydberg Tobias, Pedersen Thomas B, Pirandola Stefano, Andersen Ulrik L
Center for Macroscopic Quantum States (bigQ), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Department of Computer Science, University of York, York, YO10 5GH, UK.
Nat Commun. 2021 Jan 27;12(1):605. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20813-w.
Quantum random number generators promise perfectly unpredictable random numbers. A popular approach to quantum random number generation is homodyne measurements of the vacuum state, the ground state of the electro-magnetic field. Here we experimentally implement such a quantum random number generator, and derive a security proof that considers quantum side-information instead of classical side-information only. Based on the assumptions of Gaussianity and stationarity of noise processes, our security analysis furthermore includes correlations between consecutive measurement outcomes due to finite detection bandwidth, as well as analog-to-digital converter imperfections. We characterize our experimental realization by bounding measured parameters of the stochastic model determining the min-entropy of the system's measurement outcomes, and we demonstrate a real-time generation rate of 2.9 Gbit/s. Our generator follows a trusted, device-dependent, approach. By treating side-information quantum mechanically an important restriction on adversaries is removed, which usually was reserved to semi-device-independent and device-independent schemes.
量子随机数发生器有望产生完全不可预测的随机数。一种流行的量子随机数生成方法是对真空态（即电磁场的基态）进行零差测量。在此，我们通过实验实现了这样一种量子随机数发生器，并推导了一种安全性证明，该证明考虑了量子辅助信息而非仅经典辅助信息。基于噪声过程的高斯性和平稳性假设，我们的安全性分析还包括由于有限检测带宽以及模数转换器不完善导致的连续测量结果之间的相关性。我们通过界定确定系统测量结果最小熵的随机模型的测量参数来表征我们的实验实现，并展示了2.9 Gbit/s的实时生成速率。我们的发生器采用了一种可信的、与设备相关的方法。通过对辅助信息进行量子力学处理，消除了对对手的一个重要限制，而这通常是半设备无关和设备无关方案所特有的。
