Whitaker Kara M, Hung Peiyin, Alberg Anthony J, Hair Nicole L, Liu Jihong
Department of Health and Human Physiology and Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.
Midwifery. 2021 Apr;95:102929. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.102929. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
To examine changes in lifestyle behaviors early in the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women.
A cross-sectional internet-based survey was completed by 706 pregnant women (mean age 29.6 years ± 3.2) residing in the United States in May 2020 to assess self-reported changes in diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression analyses examined whether sociodemographic, clinical, and pandemic-related characteristics were associated with health behavior changes.
Approximately 17% of women reported their diets worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, 42% reported improvements, and 41% reported no change. For physical activity, 22% reported they stopped being active, 2% reported they became active, and 76% reported no change. Nearly one-third of participants reported getting less sleep. The factors consistently associated with adverse lifestyle changes (worse diet, stopped being active, and reduced sleep) were experiences of pregnancy complications, loss of income due to COVID-19, and changes in social connections due to COVID-19.
A substantial proportion of pregnant women reported adverse lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions during the pandemic to optimize health behaviors in pregnant women, especially among those with pregnancy complications, should address economic disadvantages and social support.
研究2019冠状病毒病疫情初期孕妇生活方式行为的变化。
2020年5月，对居住在美国的706名孕妇（平均年龄29.6岁±3.2岁）进行了一项基于互联网的横断面调查，以评估她们在2019冠状病毒病疫情期间自我报告的饮食、体育活动和睡眠变化。逻辑回归分析检验了社会人口统计学、临床和疫情相关特征是否与健康行为变化相关。
约17%的女性报告在2019冠状病毒病疫情期间饮食变差，42%报告有所改善，41%报告无变化。在体育活动方面，22%报告停止了运动，2%报告开始运动，76%报告无变化。近三分之一的参与者报告睡眠减少。与不良生活方式变化（饮食变差、停止运动和睡眠减少）始终相关的因素是妊娠并发症经历、因2019冠状病毒病导致的收入损失以及因2019冠状病毒病导致的社会关系变化。
相当一部分孕妇在2019冠状病毒病疫情期间报告了不良生活方式变化。疫情期间优化孕妇健康行为的干预措施，尤其是针对有妊娠并发症的孕妇，应解决经济劣势和社会支持问题。
