Mesh Kate, Cruz Emiliana, van de Weijer Joost, Burenhult Niclas, Gullberg Marianne
Lund University Humanities Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Anthropology, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social (CIESAS-CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 12;11:584231. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.584231. eCollection 2020.
As humans interact in the world, they often orient one another's attention to objects through the use of spoken demonstrative expressions and head and/or hand movements to point to the objects. Although indicating behaviors have frequently been studied in lab settings, we know surprisingly little about how demonstratives and pointing are used to coordinate attention in large-scale space and in natural contexts. This study investigates how speakers of Quiahije Chatino, an indigenous language of Mexico, use demonstratives and pointing to give directions to named places in large-scale space across multiple scales (local activity, district, state). The results show that the use and coordination of demonstratives and pointing change as the scale of search space for the target grows. At larger scales, demonstratives and pointing are more likely to occur together, and the two signals appear to manage different aspects of the search for the target: demonstratives orient attention primarily to the gesturing body, while pointing provides cues for narrowing the search space. These findings underscore the distinct contributions of speech and gesture to the linguistic composite, while illustrating the dynamic nature of their interplay. Abstracts in Spanish and Quiahije Chatino are provided as appendices. Se incluyen como apéndices resúmenes en español y en el chatino de San Juan Quiahije. Son ktyi re in, ngyaq ska ktyi no nda son na nga no ngyaq lo ktyi re, ngyaq ran chaq xlya qo chaq jnya no ndywiq renq Kchin Kyqya.
当人类在世界中互动时，他们常常通过使用口语指示性表达以及头部和/或手部动作指向物体，来引导彼此将注意力指向物体。尽管指示行为在实验室环境中经常被研究，但令人惊讶的是，我们对指示词和指向动作如何在大规模空间和自然情境中用于协调注意力知之甚少。本研究调查了墨西哥一种本土语言基阿希耶·查蒂诺语的使用者如何使用指示词和指向动作，在多个尺度（当地活动范围、行政区、州）的大规模空间中为指定地点指明方向。结果表明，随着目标搜索空间尺度的增大，指示词和指向动作的使用及协调方式会发生变化。在较大尺度上，指示词和指向动作更有可能同时出现，并且这两种信号似乎在管理对目标的搜索的不同方面：指示词主要将注意力引向做手势的身体，而指向动作则为缩小搜索空间提供线索。这些发现强调了言语和手势对语言组合的不同贡献，同时说明了它们相互作用的动态性质。西班牙语和基阿希耶·查蒂诺语的摘要作为附录提供。附录中包含西班牙语和圣胡安·基阿希耶查蒂诺语的摘要。它们是ktyi re in, ngyaq ska ktyi no nda son na nga no ngyaq lo ktyi re, ngyaq ran chaq xlya qo chaq jnya no ndywiq renq Kchin Kyqya。
