Nooreh Zahra, Taherpour Kamran, Akbari Gharaei Mohammad, Shirzadi Hassan, Ghasemi Hossein Ali
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100942. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.039. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by potentially pathogenic bacteria and their shedding in animal feces is a fundamental factor for both animal health and human food safety. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of salinomycin (Sal), direct-fed microbial (DFM), and Ferulago angulata hydroalcoholic extract (FAE) against Campylobacter jejuni in broiler chickens in a 6-week pilot-scale study. A total of six hundred and seventy two 1-day-old broiler chickens were equally divided into 6 groups (each consisting of 8 replicates of 14 birds): negative control (NC; untreated and uninfected); positive control (PC; untreated, infected with C. jejuni); PC + Sal; PC + DFM; PC + 200 mg/kg of FAE (FAE200); or PC + 400 mg/kg of FAE (FAE400). All these groups (except NC) were challenged with C. jejuni on day 15. The results showed that all experimental treatments improved (P < 0.05) average daily gain compared with the PC group, and the best value was observed in the NC and FAE400 groups throughout the entire experimental period (day 1-42). The overall feed conversion ratio and mortality rate, as well as the population of C. jejuni (day 24 and 42) and Coliforms (day 42) in the ileum and cecum, were higher (P < 0.05) in broiler chickens fed with the PC diet than for chickens in the other groups, except those in the FAE200 group. Immune responses revealed that among challenged birds, those that were fed diets DFM and FAE400 had significantly higher IgG (day 24 and 42), IgA (day 24), IL-6 (day 24), and gamma interferon (day 24 and 42) concentrations than the PC group. In conclusion, dietary FAE, especially at a high level of inclusion in broiler diet (400 mg/kg), could beneficially influence the immune status, as well as improve growth performance and intestinal microflora under Campylobacter challenge, which was comparable to those of Sal and DFM supplements.
潜在致病菌在胃肠道的定植及其随动物粪便排出是影响动物健康和人类食品安全的一个基本因素。本研究旨在通过一项为期6周的中试规模研究，评估盐霉素（Sal）、直接投喂微生物（DFM）和 Ferulago angulata 水醇提取物（FAE）对肉鸡空肠弯曲菌的防治效果。总共672只1日龄肉鸡被平均分为6组（每组8个重复，每个重复14只鸡）：阴性对照（NC；未处理且未感染）；阳性对照（PC；未处理，感染空肠弯曲菌）；PC + Sal；PC + DFM；PC + 200 mg/kg FAE（FAE200）；或PC + 400 mg/kg FAE（FAE400）。所有这些组（除NC外）在第15天用空肠弯曲菌进行攻毒。结果表明，与PC组相比，所有实验处理均提高了（P < 0.05）平均日增重，并且在整个实验期（第1 - 42天），NC组和FAE400组的平均日增重最佳。与其他组（除FAE200组外）的肉鸡相比，饲喂PC日粮的肉鸡的总体饲料转化率、死亡率以及空肠弯曲菌数量（第24天和42天）和回肠及盲肠中大肠菌群数量（第42天）更高（P < 0.05）。免疫反应显示，在攻毒的鸡中，饲喂DFM和FAE400日粮的鸡的IgG（第24天和42天）、IgA（第24天）、IL - 6（第24天）和γ干扰素（第24天和42天）浓度显著高于PC组。总之，日粮中的FAE，特别是在肉鸡日粮中高添加量（400 mg/kg）时，可有益地影响免疫状态，同时在空肠弯曲菌攻毒情况下改善生长性能和肠道微生物群，其效果与Sal和DFM补充剂相当。
