Department of Biological Sciences and Kellogg Institute for International Studies, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, 46556, USA.
Department of Sociology and Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2021 Mar;272:113681. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113681. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Severe malaria, hemorrhage during childbirth, sickle cell anemia, injury from road accidents, and other medical conditions that necessitate blood transfusions affect thousands of Ugandans every year. However, only 0.3-0.5% of the population donates blood, which is less than half of the proportion recommended by the World Health Organization to maintain a sufficient supply in blood banks and health facilities. In January 2018, Uganda faced crisis level blood shortages, increasing preventable deaths in the country as patients lacked access to life-saving transfusions. To understand the factors that impact a person's decision to give blood and to inform public health campaigns that seek to promote donation, researchers collaborated with Uganda Blood Transfusion Services (UBTS) and the Uganda Red Cross Society (URCS), the primary actors in blood donation in Uganda, to conduct 50 semi-structured in-depth interviews with blood donors and non-donors and 22 key informant interviews with UBTS and URCS staff members. Through qualitative data analysis using Dedoose software, this study identified several key motivations that promote donation, including altruism, civic duty, and opportunities for disease testing, as well as important deterrents, including fear of needles and blood and lack of awareness of or access to blood donation drives. Results have been shared with blood collection agencies to inform public health campaigns that seek to dispel fears and promote motivations toward donation to increase the blood supply and decrease preventable deaths in Uganda.
严重疟疾、分娩时出血、镰状细胞贫血、道路交通事故造成的伤害和其他需要输血的医疗状况每年都会影响数千名乌干达人。然而，只有 0.3-0.5%的人口献血，这还不到世界卫生组织建议的维持血库和卫生设施充足供应的比例的一半。2018 年 1 月，乌干达面临危机级别的血液短缺，由于患者无法获得救命输血，该国的可预防死亡人数增加。为了了解影响人们献血决定的因素，并为旨在促进献血的公共卫生运动提供信息，研究人员与乌干达输血服务局（UBTS）和乌干达红十字会（URCS）合作，后者是乌干达献血的主要行为者，对 50 名献血者和非献血者进行了半结构化深入访谈，对 UBTS 和 URCS 工作人员进行了 22 次关键知情人访谈。通过使用 Dedoose 软件进行定性数据分析，本研究确定了一些促进献血的关键动机，包括利他主义、公民责任以及疾病检测的机会，以及一些重要的阻碍因素，包括对针头和血液的恐惧以及缺乏对献血活动的认识或获取。研究结果已与采血机构分享，以推动旨在消除恐惧和促进献血动机的公共卫生运动，从而增加乌干达的血液供应，减少可预防的死亡。
