Zhang Weijia, Liang Jinxiu, Han Peidong
Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
Cell Regen. 2021 Feb 2;10(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13619-020-00065-1.
Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Due to the limited proliferation rate of mature cardiomyocytes, adult mammalian hearts are unable to regenerate damaged cardiac muscle following injury. Instead, injured area is replaced by fibrotic scar tissue, which may lead to irreversible cardiac remodeling and organ failure. In contrast, adult zebrafish and neonatal mammalian possess the capacity for heart regeneration and have been widely used as experimental models. Recent studies have shown that multiple types of cells within the heart can respond to injury with the activation of distinct signaling pathways. Determining the specific contributions of each cell type is essential for our understanding of the regeneration network organization throughout the heart. In this review, we provide an overview of the distinct functions and coordinated cell behaviors of several major cell types including cardiomyocytes, endocardial cells, epicardial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. The topic focuses on their specific responses and cellular plasticity after injury, and potential therapeutic applications.
心脏病是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因。由于成熟心肌细胞的增殖速率有限，成年哺乳动物心脏在受伤后无法再生受损的心肌。相反，受伤区域会被纤维化瘢痕组织取代，这可能导致不可逆的心脏重塑和器官衰竭。相比之下，成年斑马鱼和新生哺乳动物具有心脏再生能力，并已被广泛用作实验模型。最近的研究表明，心脏内的多种细胞类型可通过激活不同的信号通路对损伤做出反应。确定每种细胞类型的具体作用对于我们理解整个心脏的再生网络组织至关重要。在本综述中，我们概述了几种主要细胞类型（包括心肌细胞、心内膜细胞、心外膜细胞、成纤维细胞和免疫细胞）的不同功能和协调的细胞行为。主题聚焦于它们在受伤后的特定反应和细胞可塑性，以及潜在的治疗应用。
