Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Data Science Initiative, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2022 Feb 3;77(2):378-388. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbab022.
High blood pressure (BP) or hypertension, a major risk factor for death and disease, is pervasive among older adults. While reducing BP to targeted levels can prevent adverse outcomes, rates of successful BP control remain suboptimal, and it is unclear whether older adults recognize its proven benefits. The current study sheds light on older adults' beliefs about the consequences of hypertension and benefits of BP control by examining how their self-reports of hypertension diagnosis and BP control, as well as measured BP, contribute to subjective life expectancy (SLE), their perceived probability of surviving to a target age.
In a representative sample of U.S. adults aged 50-89 from the 2006-2014 Health and Retirement Study (n = 18,979 respondents), we analyze SLE using generalized linear regression.
Diagnosed hypertension is associated with lower SLE, regardless of measured BP. Among diagnosed hypertensives, those who self-report controlled BP expect to live longer than those who do not. Finally, about 1 in 10 older adults have high measured BP but have never been diagnosed with hypertension, and most diagnosed hypertensives with uncontrolled measured BP self-report their BP as controlled.
Older adults appear to recognize the harmful effects of hypertension and the benefits of BP control, but often lack knowledge of their own hypertension and BP control statuses. Health communications should continue to stress the value of BP control, although improvements may require increased hypertension awareness and BP monitoring.
高血压（BP）或高血压是导致死亡和疾病的主要危险因素，在老年人中普遍存在。虽然将 BP 降低到目标水平可以预防不良后果，但成功控制 BP 的比率仍然不理想，并且不清楚老年人是否认识到其已被证实的益处。本研究通过检查高血压诊断和 BP 控制的自我报告以及测量的 BP 如何影响主观预期寿命（SLE），即他们认为自己活到目标年龄的可能性，来揭示老年人对高血压后果和 BP 控制益处的看法。
在 2006-2014 年健康与退休研究中，我们对美国 50-89 岁的代表性成年人样本（n=18979 名受访者）进行了分析，使用广义线性回归来分析 SLE。
无论测量的 BP 如何，高血压诊断与 SLE 降低有关。在被诊断为高血压的人群中，那些自我报告控制 BP 的人预期寿命比那些未控制 BP 的人长。最后，大约每 10 个老年人中就有一个人有高测量 BP，但从未被诊断出患有高血压，而大多数患有未控制的测量 BP 的被诊断为高血压的人自我报告其 BP 得到控制。
老年人似乎认识到高血压的有害影响和 BP 控制的益处，但往往缺乏对自己高血压和 BP 控制状况的了解。健康宣传应继续强调 BP 控制的价值，尽管可能需要提高高血压意识和 BP 监测才能进行改进。
