Liu Xiaoxiao, Ji Xiaoyi, Xia Honghong, Tian Yuxin, Zheng Weihong, Fu Linyun, Qiu Peiyuan, Wan Yang
Department of Neurology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 6;12:1489284. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1489284. eCollection 2024.
Hypertension can lead to significant health complications if left unmanaged due to unhealthy behaviors. This study investigates hypertension related health behaviors of middle-aged and older Chinese adults, investigating whether a hypertension diagnosis and individuals' subjective life expectancy (SLE) might prompt positive changes in their health behaviors.
The participants in this study were Chinese adults aged 45 years and older, selected from the 2013-2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to investigate the influence of receiving a hypertension diagnosis, as well as SLE, on hypertension related behaviors.
Among the respondents, 27.65% reported doctor-diagnosed hypertension, while 19.91% of those who were undiagnosed with hypertension had measured hypertension at baseline. Of those diagnosed with hypertension, only 46.97% in 2013 had their blood pressure within the normal range in 2013, and this slightly improved to 47.80% in 2015. Both receiving a hypertension diagnosis (β = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.37-0.43) and having a low-SLE (β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03-0.09) were associated with healthier behavior. Interestingly, individuals with measured hypertension exhibited the highest SLE but the lowest health behavior scores.
Although individuals diagnosed with hypertension are able to recognize the dangers of the condition and take proactive steps to improve their health, high blood pressure remains uncontrolled in almost half of them. Those with measured hypertension often lack awareness of hypertension and unhealthier behaviors. Therefore, there is a critical need to enhance hypertension awareness and promote healthier behaviors among both diagnosed individuals with uncontrolled blood pressure and those unaware of their hypertension.
如果因不健康行为而不加以控制，高血压会导致严重的健康并发症。本研究调查了中国中老年成年人与高血压相关的健康行为，探讨高血压诊断和个体主观预期寿命（SLE）是否会促使他们的健康行为发生积极变化。
本研究的参与者为45岁及以上的中国成年人，选自2013 - 2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查。采用线性混合效应模型来研究高血压诊断以及SLE对与高血压相关行为的影响。
在受访者中，27.65%报告经医生诊断患有高血压，而在未被诊断出高血压的人群中，19.91%在基线时测量出患有高血压。在被诊断为高血压的人群中，2013年只有46.97%的人的血压在正常范围内，到2015年这一比例略有提高，达到47.80%。接受高血压诊断（β = 0.41，95%置信区间：0.37 - 0.43）和低主观预期寿命（β = 0.06，95%置信区间：0.03 - 0.09）都与更健康的行为相关。有趣地是，测量出患有高血压的个体主观预期寿命最高，但健康行为得分最低。
尽管被诊断患有高血压的个体能够认识到病情的危险性并采取积极措施改善健康，但几乎一半的患者高血压仍未得到控制。那些测量出患有高血压的人往往缺乏高血压意识且行为更不健康。因此，迫切需要提高高血压意识，并在血压未得到控制的已诊断个体和未意识到自己患有高血压的人群中促进更健康的行为。
