University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Vigo, Spain.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 May;30(9-10):1335-1346. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15683. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
This study examined the predictors of caregiver burden based on patient and caregiver characteristics in a sample of Spanish caregivers looking after adult patients with chronic disease. The effect of task type and patient-caregiver interaction is also analysed.
Specific predictors of caregiver burden have been widely examined in the literature. Few studies, however, jointly analyse a wide range of factors, including the effect of task type and patient-caregiver interaction.
Correlational study.
One hundred and thirty five informal caregivers for 148 care recipients were recruited from primary health care centres. The caregivers responded to the short version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), the DEPendency index-6 Dimensions (DEP-6D), and reported how long they spent on caregiving on a daily basis. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were also recorded. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with ZBI scores and the likelihood of being severely burdened, respectively. This research complies with STROBE guidelines for observational studies.
Severe burden was present in 62% of the caregivers. Regression analysis shows that burden severity increases significantly with the level of dependence when the latter is measured either by DEP-6D or by time spent on basic activities. Care related to incontinence and mobility has the greatest effect on burden, which is aggravated when the patient has behavioural problems. Poor caregiver health or not being retired also contributes to burden levels.
These results establish that caregiver burden is related to characteristics of both the caregiver and the care recipient as well as to their interaction.
The findings indicate that the socio-sanitary attention focused on reducing caregiver burden must address the caregiver and patient as a dyad. Identifying the dependence level and the patient's aggressive behaviour can be a good predictor of caregiver burden.
本研究通过对西班牙照顾慢性疾病成年患者的护理人员样本，根据患者和护理人员的特征，检查了照顾者负担的预测因素。还分析了任务类型和患者-护理人员相互作用的影响。
文献中广泛研究了照顾者负担的特定预测因素。然而，很少有研究共同分析广泛的因素，包括任务类型和患者-护理人员相互作用的影响。
相关性研究。
从初级保健中心招募了 135 名照顾 148 名被照顾者的非正式照顾者。照顾者对 Zarit 负担量表（ZBI）的简短版本、依赖性指数-6 维度（DEP-6D）进行了回答，并报告了他们每天花在照顾上的时间。还记录了社会人口统计学和健康特征。使用线性和逻辑回归模型评估了与 ZBI 评分相关的因素，以及严重负担的可能性。本研究符合 STROBE 观察性研究指南。
62%的照顾者存在严重负担。回归分析表明，当依赖程度由 DEP-6D 或基本活动时间来衡量时，依赖程度越高，负担严重程度显著增加。与失禁和移动相关的护理对负担的影响最大，当患者有行为问题时，负担会加重。照顾者健康状况不佳或未退休也会导致负担水平增加。
这些结果表明，照顾者负担与照顾者和被照顾者的特征以及他们的相互作用有关。
研究结果表明，社会卫生关注的重点是减轻照顾者负担，必须将照顾者和患者视为一个整体。确定依赖程度和患者的攻击行为可以很好地预测照顾者负担。
