Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
Research Centre of Excellence, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 26;18(3):1068. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031068.
Despite the advancement of the healthcare system, low birth weight (LBW) remains as one of the leading causes of under-five mortality. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of LBW and its associated factors among 483 third trimester pregnant women recruited from six selected public health clinics in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Pregnant women were interviewed for information on socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behaviour, and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and in the workplace. Information on the obstetrical history and prenatal care visits history were retrieved from the maternal medical records, while infant's birth outcomes were retrieved from infant medical records. The prevalence of LBW (<2.5 kg) in infants was 10.4%, with a mean birth weight of 3.0 [standard deviation (SD) 0.4] kg. Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that inadequate weight gained during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18-4.90] and exposure to SHS at home (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.03-3.55) were significantly associated with LBW. In conclusion, pregnant women should monitor their rate of weight gain throughout pregnancy and avoid SHS exposure at home to reduce the risk of delivering LBW infants.
尽管医疗保健系统有所进步，但低出生体重 (LBW) 仍然是导致五岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因之一。本横断面研究旨在确定马来西亚吉隆坡联邦直辖区和雪兰莪州的 6 家选定公立卫生诊所的 483 名妊娠晚期妇女中 LBW 的流行率及其相关因素。对孕妇进行了访谈，以获取社会人口统计学特征、吸烟行为以及在家中和工作场所接触二手烟 (SHS) 的信息。产妇病历中检索了产科史和产前护理就诊史的信息，而婴儿的出生结局则从婴儿病历中检索。婴儿 LBW（<2.5kg）的患病率为 10.4%，平均出生体重为 3.0[标准差（SD）0.4]kg。多变量逻辑回归模型的结果表明，妊娠期间体重增加不足[比值比（OR）=2.41，95%置信区间（CI）=1.18-4.90]和在家中接触 SHS（OR=1.92，95%CI=1.03-3.55）与 LBW 显著相关。总之，孕妇应在整个怀孕期间监测体重增加率，并避免在家中接触 SHS，以降低低出生体重婴儿的风险。
