经颅直流电刺激对改善老年人识别和减少错误记忆的有效性。
Effectiveness of tDCS at Improving Recognition and Reducing False Memories in Older Adults.
机构信息
Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, ES 46002 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibañez 21, ES 46010 Valencia, Spain.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 1;18(3):1317. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031317.
BACKGROUND
False memories tend to increase in healthy and pathological aging, and their reduction could be useful in improving cognitive functioning. The objective of this study was to use an active-placebo method to verify whether the application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improved true recognition and reduced false memories in healthy older people.
METHOD
Participants were 29 healthy older adults (65-78 years old) that were assigned to either an active or a placebo group; the active group received anodal stimulation at 2 mA for 20 min over F7. An experimental task was used to estimate true and false recognition. The procedure took place in two sessions on two consecutive days.
RESULTS
True recognition showed a significant main effect of sessions ( < 0.01), indicating an increase from before treatment to after it. False recognition showed a significant main effect of sessions ( < 0.01), indicating a decrease from before treatment to after it and a significant session × group interaction ( < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, our results show that tDCS was an effective tool for increasing true recognition and reducing false recognition in healthy older people, and suggest that stimulation improved recall by increasing the number of items a participant could recall and reducing the number of memory errors.
背景
虚假记忆在健康和病理性衰老中往往会增加，减少这些记忆可能有助于改善认知功能。本研究的目的是采用主动安慰剂法验证经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是否能提高健康老年人的真实识别能力并减少虚假记忆。
方法
29 名健康老年人（65-78 岁）被随机分配至真刺激组或假刺激组；真刺激组接受 2 mA 强度的阳极刺激，共 20 分钟，刺激部位为 F7。采用实验任务来估计真实和虚假记忆。该程序在两个连续的日子里分两个阶段进行。
结果
真识别表现出显著的阶段主效应（<0.01），表明从治疗前到治疗后有所增加。假识别表现出显著的阶段主效应（<0.01），表明从治疗前到治疗后有所减少，且存在阶段与组的交互效应（<0.0001）。
结论
总的来说，我们的结果表明，tDCS 是一种有效工具，可增加健康老年人的真实识别能力并减少虚假记忆，提示刺激通过增加参与者可回忆的项目数量和减少记忆错误数量来提高回忆效果。
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