Center for Long-Term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Dapi Rd., Niaosong District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
Maturitas. 2021 Mar;145:38-48. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.12.009. Epub 2020 Dec 31.
It is unclear whether the combined effects of exercise and nutrition are better than those of exercise alone or nutrition alone in older adults with sarcopenia. This paper assesses the comparative effects of exercise, nutrition, and the combination of exercise and nutrition on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia. In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, 11 electronic databases were searched up to November 2020. Inclusion criteria were: (1) adults aged 65 years and older with sarcopenia; (2) interventions of exercise, nutrition, or the combination of both; (3) the outcomes include at least one of the following: muscle mass, muscle strength (hand grip and knee extension strength), or physical performance (gait speed and dynamic balance); and (4) randomized control trials. For each outcome measurement, a network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the direct and indirect effects of each intervention compared with each of the other interventions. A total of 26 studies were included in the network meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, exercise alone and the combination of exercise and nutrition significantly increased handgrip strength (1.12 kg, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.11; 2.03 kg, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.97) and improved dynamic balance (-1.76 seconds, 95% CI: -2.24, -1.28; -1.02 seconds, 95% CI: -1.64, -0.39). Both exercise alone and the combination of exercise and nutrition have beneficial effects on muscle strength and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia.
在患有肌少症的老年人中，运动和营养的联合作用是否优于单独运动或单独营养的作用尚不清楚。本文评估了运动、营养以及运动和营养联合应用对患有肌少症的老年人肌肉质量、肌肉力量和身体机能的比较效果。在这项系统评价和网络荟萃分析中，检索了 11 个电子数据库，截至 2020 年 11 月。纳入标准为：（1）年龄在 65 岁及以上患有肌少症的成年人；（2）运动、营养或两者联合的干预措施；（3）结果至少包括以下一项：肌肉质量、肌肉力量（手握力和膝关节伸展力量）或身体机能（步态速度和动态平衡）；（4）随机对照试验。对于每种结果测量，进行网络荟萃分析以确定与其他每种干预措施相比，每种干预措施的直接和间接效果。网络荟萃分析共纳入 26 项研究。与对照组相比，单独运动和运动与营养联合应用均可显著提高手握力（1.12kg，95%可信区间：0.12，2.11；2.03kg，95%可信区间：1.10，2.97）和改善动态平衡（-1.76 秒，95%可信区间：-2.24，-1.28；-1.02 秒，95%可信区间：-1.64，-0.39）。单独运动和运动与营养联合应用均对患有肌少症的老年人的肌肉力量和身体机能有益。
