医学建议对索马里出生的孕妇和新妈妈与维生素D相关生活方式的积极影响：瑞典初级保健中的一项混合方法研究
Positive impact on vitamin D related lifestyle of medical advice in pregnant Somali-born women and new mothers: a mixed method study in Swedish primary care.
作者信息
Kalliokoski P, Widarsson M, Rodhe N, Löfvander M
机构信息
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine Section, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Postal address: Box 564, 751 22, Uppsala, Sweden.
School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Feb 5;21(1):297. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10277-y.
BACKGROUND
A previous study showed that pregnant women/new mothers especially Somali-born and some Swedish-born had extremely low vitamin D levels and poor physical performance. Our study aimed to examine vitamin D related lifestyle, attitudes and behaviour before and after brief information about vitamin D, with special long-term focus on Somali-born women.
METHODS
A cohort of 91 pregnant women/new mothers having serum hydroxyvitamin D (S-25-OHD) ≤ 50 nmol/L (n = 51 Somali-born with one third < 10 nmol/L of S-25-OHD) in primary health care in Sweden was targeted for intervention. Brief individual oral and visual information on vitamin D was given by doctors at baseline and after four and ten months. Questionnaires with ordinal scales on vitamin D related lifestyle of food, clothing, and outdoor activities were distributed on all occasions. Focus-group interviews with 15 women from the target-group were performed after two years. A Somali interpreter was available.
RESULTS
Veiled clothing, indoor living, and a low intake of milk, cheese, and fatty fish were common in the target group. Consumption pattern had increased significantly among the Somali-born women at the four-month follow-up but declined to non-significant levels at the ten-month follow-up. The focus-group interviews showed improved understanding of vitamin D deficiency, symptoms and attitudes, but varying applied behaviours related to sun exposure. Sun exposure for the children and increased fish consumption was the most evident positive results.
CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D related lifestyle, attitudes and behaviour improved in a Somali-born group of pregnant women/new mothers with severe vitamin D deficiency. The preventive measures suggested in our study may have impact on public health in relation to bone and muscle strength and immunity especially in vitamin D deficiency risk groups.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02922803 . Date of registration: 28 September 2016.
背景
先前的一项研究表明，孕妇/新妈妈，尤其是在索马里出生的以及一些在瑞典出生的孕妇/新妈妈，维生素D水平极低且身体机能较差。我们的研究旨在调查在获取有关维生素D的简短信息之前和之后，与维生素D相关的生活方式、态度和行为，特别长期关注在索马里出生的女性。
方法
在瑞典初级卫生保健机构中，选取了91名血清羟维生素D（S-25-OHD）≤50 nmol/L的孕妇/新妈妈作为干预对象（其中51名在索马里出生，三分之一的S-25-OHD < 10 nmol/L）。在基线、四个月和十个月时，由医生提供有关维生素D的简短的个人口头和视觉信息。在所有时间点都发放了关于食物、服装和户外活动等与维生素D相关生活方式的有序量表问卷。两年后，对15名目标群体的女性进行了焦点小组访谈。有一名索马里口译员在场。
结果
目标群体中，戴面纱服装、室内生活以及牛奶、奶酪和富含脂肪鱼类的摄入量低很常见。在四个月随访时，索马里出生的女性的消费模式有显著增加，但在十个月随访时降至不显著水平。焦点小组访谈显示，对维生素D缺乏、症状和态度的理解有所改善，但与阳光照射相关的实际行为各不相同。对儿童的阳光照射和鱼类消费增加是最明显的积极结果。
结论
在维生素D严重缺乏的索马里出生的孕妇/新妈妈群体中，与维生素D相关的生活方式、态度和行为有所改善。我们研究中建议的预防措施可能会对公共卫生在骨骼和肌肉力量以及免疫力方面产生影响，尤其是在维生素D缺乏风险群体中。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT02922803。注册日期：2016年9月28日。
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