Komagamine Junpei, Yabuki Taku
Department of Internal Medicine National Hospital Organization Tochigi Medical Center Utsunomiya Japan.
J Gen Fam Med. 2020 Sep 26;22(1):61-64. doi: 10.1002/jgf2.378. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Fever, cough, malaise, and sore throat are the most common initial symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, no studies have ever been conducted to investigate the initial symptoms of COVID-19 in Japan. By using publicly available data, we investigated 707 consecutive COVID-19 patients who were diagnosed in 10 prefectures of Japan prior to May 16, 2020. The primary outcomes were the initial symptoms on the day of symptom onset. The proportions of patients with each symptom among the symptomatic patients were calculated. Of all the patients, 79 (11.2%) were asymptomatic. Among the 628 symptomatic patients, the most common initial symptom was fever (65.9%), followed by cough (23.5%), malaise (23.5%), and sore throat (12.9%). At least one of these four symptoms was reported in 88.2% of all symptomatic patients. Nineteen patients (3.0%) reported gastrointestinal symptoms without respiratory symptoms, while six patients (1.0%) reported only the loss of smell or taste as the initial symptom. As in other countries, the most common initial symptoms of COVID-19 in Japan are fever, cough, malaise, and sore throat. Gastrointestinal symptoms without respiratory symptoms and the loss of smell and taste are uncommon initial symptoms in Japan.
发热、咳嗽、乏力和咽痛是2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）最常见的初始症状。然而，此前从未有研究对日本COVID-19的初始症状进行过调查。通过使用公开可用的数据，我们调查了2020年5月16日前在日本10个都道府县确诊的707例连续性COVID-19患者。主要结局为症状出现当天的初始症状。计算了有症状患者中出现每种症状的患者比例。在所有患者中，79例（11.2%）无症状。在628例有症状的患者中，最常见的初始症状是发热（65.9%），其次是咳嗽（23.5%）、乏力（23.5%）和咽痛（12.9%）。88.2%的有症状患者报告了这四种症状中的至少一种。19例患者（3.0%）报告有胃肠道症状但无呼吸道症状，6例患者（1.0%）仅报告嗅觉或味觉丧失作为初始症状。与其他国家一样，日本COVID-19最常见的初始症状是发热、咳嗽、乏力和咽痛。在日本，无呼吸道症状的胃肠道症状以及嗅觉和味觉丧失是不常见的初始症状。
