Chudech Surapong, Janmaimool Piyapong
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Public Health Res. 2021 Jan 20;10(1):1912. doi: 10.4081/jphr.2021.1912. eCollection 2021 Jan 14.
This study investigated the level of fear of smoking- related harms for teenagers of different gender, different levels of smoking behaviour, and difference in smoking levels of friends and family members, as influenced by warning graphic images on cigarette packs. The study also compared levels of this fear in categories based on participants' perception ., scarier or less scary images). The sample group was 353 undergraduate students at King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi in Bangkok, Thailand. Questionnaires containing 21 warning graphic images, aimed at measuring levels of fear of smoking-related harms, were conducted. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, such as independent and dependent test, were used to analyse the data. The results showed that warning graphic images exhibiting patients suffering from cancers (., lung cancer or laryngeal cancer) and images of damaged body parts were perceived as the scariest warning images. In contrast, images that did not illustrate serious disease suffered by smokers were perceived as the least scary images. The scariest images generated a significant higher level of fear of smoking-related harms than the least scary images. In addition, non-smoking participants were more sensitive to scary warning images than smoking participants. It was also found that the level of fear of smoking-related harms was significantly based on individual cognitive judgment, and it was not affected by the influence of social groups such as friends and family members. Developing effective warning graphic images could directly contribute to individuals' perceived health risks and danger associated with smoking.
本研究调查了不同性别、不同吸烟行为水平以及朋友和家庭成员吸烟水平差异的青少年对吸烟相关危害的恐惧程度，这些均受到香烟包装上警示图片的影响。该研究还根据参与者的认知（如更可怕或不那么可怕的图片）比较了此类恐惧程度。样本组为泰国曼谷国王科技大学吞武里分校的353名本科生。开展了包含21张警示图片的问卷调查，旨在测量对吸烟相关危害的恐惧程度。运用了描述性统计和推断性统计，如独立和相关检验，来分析数据。结果表明，展示患有癌症（如肺癌或喉癌）患者的警示图片以及身体受损部位的图片被视为最可怕的警示图片。相比之下，未展示吸烟者所患严重疾病的图片被视为最不可怕的图片。最可怕的图片所引发的对吸烟相关危害的恐惧程度显著高于最不可怕的图片。此外，不吸烟的参与者比吸烟的参与者对可怕的警示图片更敏感。研究还发现，对吸烟相关危害的恐惧程度显著基于个人认知判断，且不受朋友和家庭成员等社会群体影响。开发有效的警示图片可直接影响个人对吸烟相关健康风险和危险的认知。
