From the Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA.
Division of Environmental Health Science, UCB School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA.
Epidemiology. 2020 Nov 1;31(6):771-778. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001249.
Recently, it has been suggested that environmental exposures from traffic sources including noise may play a role in cognitive impairment in the elderly. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between local traffic-related noise pollution and incident dementia or cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) during a 10-year follow-up period.
1612 Mexican-American participants from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (SALSA) were followed every 12-15 months via home visits from 1998 to 2007. We used the SoundPLAN software package to estimate noise originating from local traffic with the input of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) data from Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPO) based on geocoded residential addresses at baseline (1998-1999). We estimated the risks of incident dementia or CIND from 24-hour and nighttime noise exposure using Cox proportional hazard models.
During the follow-up, we identified 159 incident dementia or CIND cases in total. Per 11.6 dB (interquartile range width) increase in 24-hour noise, the hazard of developing dementia or CIND increased (hazard ratio = 1.3 [1.0, 1.6]) during follow-up; estimates were slightly lower (hazard ratio = 1.2 [0.97, 1.6]) when adjusting for modeled local air pollution exposure from traffic sources. Overall, the risk of dementia/CIND was elevated when 24-hour and nighttime noise were higher than 75 and 65 dB respectively. See video Abstract: http://links.lww.com/EDE/B728.
In our study, traffic-related noise exposure was associated with increased risk of dementia or CIND in elderly Mexican-Americans. Future studies taking into account other noise sources and occupational noise exposure before retirement are needed.
最近有研究表明，交通源（包括噪声）产生的环境暴露可能在老年人认知障碍中起作用。本研究的目的是在 10 年的随访期间，调查局部交通相关噪声污染与痴呆或无痴呆认知障碍（CIND）的发生之间的关系。
1998 年至 2007 年期间，通过家访对来自萨克拉门托拉丁裔老龄化研究（SALSA）的 1612 名墨西哥裔美国参与者进行了为期 10 年的随访。我们使用 SoundPLAN 软件包，根据基线（1998-1999 年）的居住地址的地理编码，使用大都市规划组织（MPO）提供的年平均日交通量（AADT）数据来估计来自本地交通的噪声。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计 24 小时和夜间噪声暴露对新发痴呆或 CIND 的风险。
在随访期间，我们共发现 159 例新发痴呆或 CIND 病例。24 小时噪声每增加 11.6dB（四分位间距宽度），发展为痴呆或 CIND 的风险就会增加（风险比=1.3[1.0，1.6]）；当调整交通源模型化的局部空气污染暴露时，估计值略低（风险比=1.2[0.97，1.6]）。总的来说，当 24 小时和夜间噪声分别高于 75dB 和 65dB 时，痴呆/CIND 的风险就会升高。见视频摘要：http://links.lww.com/EDE/B728。
在我们的研究中，交通相关噪声暴露与老年墨西哥裔美国人痴呆或 CIND 风险增加有关。需要进行考虑其他噪声源和退休前职业性噪声暴露的未来研究。
