Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,
Caries Res. 2021;55(2):108-113. doi: 10.1159/000513059. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
As a preventive measure, tin (Sn2+)-containing products have a great potential to prevent enamel surface loss during erosive challenges, but adverse effects of high Sn2+ concentrations, such as astringent feeling of the teeth, are reported. Therefore, the main aim of this in vitro study was to develop a solution with lower Sn2+ concentrations that can still prevent dental erosion.
A total of 162 enamel specimens were prepared from human premolars, which were selected from a pool of extracted teeth. The specimens were randomly distributed to 9 groups (each group n = 18 enamel specimens) according to the different test treatments: a humid chamber (no treatment) as the negative control, the commercial Elmex® Erosion Protection mouth rinse as the positive control, and 7 solutions either with lower Sn2+ concentrations and/or containing flavoring. The experiment included 4 cycles, consisting of pellicle formation by incubating the specimens with 200 μL of human saliva at 37°C for 1 h, then placing the specimens in the treatment for 2 min (60 mL, 30°C, shaking at 70 rpm), and later submitting them to an erosive challenge for 1 min in citric acid (60 mL 1%, pH 3.6, 30°C). Surface hardness was measured with a Vickers diamond and surface reflection intensity was measured with a reflectometer.
The control group performed significantly worse than all other solutions containing Sn2+. In general, there were no significant differences among the Sn2+-containing groups, and they presented similar protective effects on the enamel even when Sn2+ concentrations were reduced and flavorings were added.
Sn2+ concentrations in mouth rinses may be lowered to 200 ppm without compromising the anti-erosive properties of the solution.
作为一种预防措施，含锡（Sn2+）产品具有很大的潜力，可以防止在侵蚀性挑战期间牙釉质表面损失，但据报道，高 Sn2+浓度会产生牙齿涩感等不良反应。因此，本体外研究的主要目的是开发一种 Sn2+浓度较低但仍能预防牙酸蚀的溶液。
从一组拔牙中选择 162 个人类前磨牙的釉质标本，用于制备标本。根据不同的测试处理，将标本随机分为 9 组（每组 n = 18 个釉质标本）：湿室（无处理）作为阴性对照，商业 Elmex®Erosion Protection 漱口液作为阳性对照，以及 7 种含有或不含调味剂的低 Sn2+浓度溶液。实验包括 4 个循环，包括在 37°C 下用 200 μL 人唾液孵育标本 1 小时以形成牙菌斑，然后将标本放置在处理液中 2 分钟（60 mL，30°C，以 70 rpm 摇晃），然后将其置于柠檬酸（60 mL 1%，pH 值 3.6，30°C）中进行 1 分钟的侵蚀性挑战。用维氏金刚石测量表面硬度，用反射计测量表面反射强度。
对照组的表现明显不如所有其他含 Sn2+的溶液。一般来说，含 Sn2+的组之间没有显著差异，即使降低 Sn2+浓度并添加调味剂，它们对釉质仍具有相似的保护作用。
漱口液中的 Sn2+浓度可降低至 200 ppm 而不会降低溶液的抗侵蚀性能。
